The use of larvivorous fish in malaria control is the basis for which strategy of malaria control?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Zooprophylaxis. Larvivorous fish are used in malaria control through zooprophylaxis, which involves using animals to reduce disease transmission. These fish feed on mosquito larvae, hence reducing the mosquito population and decreasing the spread of malaria. Stream seeding (A) involves introducing plant seeds into streams, not fish. Stream clearing (B) focuses on removing debris and obstacles from streams, not using fish. Destruction of breeding places (C) involves eliminating stagnant water sources where mosquitoes breed, not using larvivorous fish. Therefore, the correct choice is D as it directly relates to the use of larvivorous fish in malaria control.

Correct Answer:

Rationale: Correct Answer: C: Hepatitis A Rationale: 1. The client waded in flood waters, which can expose him to contaminated water sources. 2. Hepatitis A is commonly transmitted through contaminated water or food. 3. Symptoms typically appear 2-6 weeks after exposure, aligning with the client's history. 4. Hepatitis B is primarily transmitted through blood or sexual contact, not water exposure. Summary: - Choice A is incomplete and nonsensical. - Choice B is incorrect as hepatitis A is more likely due to water exposure. - Choice D is incorrect as hepatitis B is not typically associated with water exposure.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Infectious mononucleosis. This infection is characterized by tonsilllopharyngitis, which is inflammation of the tonsils and pharynx. It is a common symptom of infectious mononucleosis caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. Respiratory candidiasis (choice A) typically presents as oral thrush, not tonsillitis. Cytomegalovirus disease (choice C) commonly affects the eyes, gastrointestinal tract, and lungs but does not specifically cause tonsilllopharyngitis. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (choice D) is a severe lung infection often seen in AIDS patients, but it does not manifest as tonsilllopharyngitis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Antiretroviral agents like AZT do not cure AIDS; they only manage symptoms and slow disease progression. A: Correct, as they can prolong the client's life. B: Correct, as they help prevent opportunistic infections. C: Correct, as they can reduce the period of communicability. D: Incorrect, as antiretrovirals do not cure AIDS but rather control the virus.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because conducting health screenings for individuals in a specific town or city aligns with the community health nurse's focus on population-based care. This action targets a broader group rather than individual patients, promoting health and preventing illness at a community level. A: Providing individualized care for multiple patients with a specific chronic illness is more focused on individual patient care rather than the community as a whole. C: Administering vaccines to individuals at high risk of disease complications is important for prevention, but it still targets individuals rather than the community as a whole. D: Treating a client's acute illness in a hospital setting is also more focused on individual patient care and not on community health nursing principles.