ATI RN
History of Public Health Questions
Question 1 of 5
The U.S. Public Health Service was established in which year to monitor and promote public health?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1798. The U.S. Public Health Service was established in 1798 by President John Adams. It was created to provide medical care to sick and disabled seamen. This date aligns with the historical timeline of the U.S. government's efforts to address public health concerns. Choice B: 1801 is incorrect as it does not match the established year of 1798. Choice C: 1850 and choice D: 1900 are also incorrect as they are much later dates and do not correspond to the establishment of the U.S. Public Health Service.
Question 2 of 5
The introduction of which public health policy in the 19th century led to the improvement of housing conditions in England?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The Public Health Act. This Act, passed in the 19th century, focused on improving public health by addressing issues such as sanitation, water supply, and housing conditions. It introduced provisions for local authorities to take action to improve living conditions, leading to the improvement of housing conditions in England. A: The Poor Law Amendment Act focused on providing relief to the poor, not specifically on housing conditions. B: The Housing and Town Planning Act came later in the 20th century and focused more on urban planning and development. D: The Health and Safety at Work Act primarily deals with workplace safety regulations, not housing conditions.
Question 3 of 5
Which influential public health figure is credited with founding modern epidemiology?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: John Snow. Snow is credited with founding modern epidemiology through his investigation of the 1854 cholera outbreak in London. He used mapping and data analysis to identify contaminated water as the source of the outbreak, pioneering the field of epidemiology. A: Louis Pasteur is known for his work in microbiology and vaccination, not epidemiology. C: Ignaz Semmelweis made significant contributions to hand hygiene and reducing childbirth fever, but not to modern epidemiology. D: Florence Nightingale is known as the founder of modern nursing and for her work in healthcare reform, but not specifically for epidemiology.
Question 4 of 5
The social determinants of health approach, emphasizing the role of social factors in health outcomes, gained significant attention after which key event?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The release of the 2008 'Closing the Gap' report by WHO. This report highlighted the impact of social determinants on health outcomes, leading to increased awareness and focus on addressing these factors. The other choices are incorrect because B focuses on healthcare access, C on the establishment of WHO itself, and D on a report that emphasized individual lifestyle factors rather than social determinants.
Question 5 of 5
Which notable U.S. public health initiative, started in 1955, aimed to prevent the spread of polio?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The polio vaccine campaign. This initiative started in 1955 aimed to prevent the spread of polio by vaccinating the population. This campaign led by Dr. Jonas Salk and later by Dr. Albert Sabin successfully reduced polio cases. The other choices are incorrect because: B: The Healthy People initiative focuses on setting national health objectives, not specifically targeting polio. C: The Immunization Action Coalition promotes immunization practices but is not solely focused on polio. D: The National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program provides compensation for individuals who may have been injured by vaccines, but it does not aim to prevent the spread of polio.