ATI RN
NCLEX Questions Pediatric Infectious Diseases Questions
Question 1 of 5
The treatment of latent tuberculosis is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Latent TB is treated with isoniazid alone (B) for 6-9 months, per CDC guidelines, to prevent active disease, unlike multidrug regimens (D, E) for active TB.
Question 2 of 5
Of the following, the MOST common bacterial cause of pharyngitis is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Group A streptococcus (B) is the leading bacterial cause of pharyngitis, causing strep throat, per pediatric infectious disease stats.
Question 3 of 5
In pulmonary tuberculosis, most infectious patients become noninfectious after starting effective treatment within
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pulmonary TB patients are typically noninfectious after 2 weeks (A) of effective treatment, per WHO/CDC.
Question 4 of 5
A 16-month-old child presented with history of a flu-like illness followed by harsh cough, hoarseness, inspiratory stridor, low-grade fever, and respiratory distress. Of the following, the MOST characteristic radiographic finding is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The steeple sign (B) on X-ray, showing subglottic narrowing, is characteristic of croup, per radiology.
Question 5 of 5
A 14-year-old adolescent boy presented with malaise, dry cough, and mild shortness of breath for 1 week. Frontal chest radiograph shows a diffuse pattern of increased interstitial markings, including Kerley lines. Of the following, the MOST likely micro-organism causing this condition is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (C) causes atypical pneumonia with interstitial markings in teens, per radiology and epidemiology.