The transparent layer is formed from

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Stratum lucidum of skin. This layer is a thin, transparent layer found in the epidermis of the skin, specifically in hairless areas of the body. It is composed of dead skin cells that are flattened and densely packed. The transparency of this layer is due to the lack of organelles and nuclei in the cells, allowing light to pass through easily. The other choices (A: Stratum spongiosum, B: Epidermis, C: Stratum compactum) do not accurately represent the transparent layer formed in the skin. The epidermis as a whole contains multiple layers, with the stratum lucidum being the specific layer responsible for transparency.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sebaceous glands. Glands of Zeis are modified sebaceous glands that are associated with the eyelashes. Sebaceous glands produce sebum, an oily substance that helps keep the skin and hair lubricated and waterproof. In contrast, sweat glands (choice A) produce sweat, mucous glands (choice B) secrete mucus, and sudoriferous glands (choice D) are another term for sweat glands. Therefore, choice C is correct as it accurately reflects the function of the glands of Zeis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cold climate. Bears have thick hairy skin to provide insulation and warmth in cold climates. This helps them regulate body temperature and survive in harsh winter conditions. Option A is incorrect because thick hairy skin is not specifically for protection from danger. Option C is incorrect as hot climates typically require thinner fur for heat dissipation. Option D is incorrect because bears do not live in hot climates, so it's not applicable to all conditions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because "goose-flesh" or goosebumps occur when the arrector pili muscles contract, causing hairs to stand upright. This physiological response is triggered by various factors like cold temperatures or emotions. Choice B is incorrect as it describes whiskers on a rabbit's upper lip. Choice C is incorrect as sebum is related to skin oil production, not goose-flesh. Choice D is incorrect as it refers to uncooked pork meat, which is unrelated to the physiological mechanism of goose-flesh.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Skin. In mammals, maximum energy is lost through the skin in the form of heat. This is due to the process of thermoregulation, where excess body heat is released through the skin to maintain a stable internal temperature. Respiration (choice A) is essential for energy production, urine (choice B) primarily eliminates waste products, and stool (choice D) is the result of undigested food. Skin, on the other hand, plays a crucial role in regulating body temperature and dissipating excess energy in the form of heat, making it the primary route for energy loss in mammals.