The trachea divide into two smaller tubes called....

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: bronchi. After entering the lungs, the trachea divides into two smaller tubes known as the bronchi, which further divide into bronchioles. The bronchi are responsible for conducting air into the lungs. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the trachea does not divide into another trachea, micro trachea is not a known anatomical structure, and the eustachian tube is not part of the respiratory system but instead connects the middle ear to the throat.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because fluctuations in the water level in the water-seal chamber indicate that the system is intact and working properly. When the water level fluctuates, it signifies that the system is maintaining the pressure gradient needed for proper drainage and lung re-expansion. Explanation of why other choices are incorrect: B: The level of fluid in the collection chamber rising does not confirm the system's integrity or functionality. C: Constant bubbles in the water-seal chamber indicate an air leak, which is not desirable in a closed-chest drainage system. D: Attaching suction is a step in setting up the system but does not confirm ongoing function or integrity.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Teach the client how to self-monitor and record BPs at home. This is the best intervention to address white coat hypertension as it allows the client to monitor their blood pressure in a relaxed environment, reducing the impact of anxiety from clinic visits. Self-monitoring can provide more accurate readings over time. Choice B focuses on stress levels, which may not directly address the issue. Choice C is unrelated to white coat hypertension. Choice D involves regular clinic visits, which may not address the underlying anxiety-related increase in blood pressure.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I have trouble breathing when I climb a flight of stairs." This statement indicates exertional dyspnea, a common symptom of heart failure due to impaired cardiac function leading to inadequate oxygen delivery. Shortness of breath with exertion is a hallmark sign of heart failure, as the heart's inability to pump effectively results in fluid accumulation in the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing during physical activities. Choices A, B, and C do not directly correlate with heart failure symptoms. Seeing spots before eyes (A) may suggest visual issues, tiredness at the end of the day (B) is a common complaint and can be due to various reasons, while feeling bloated after a meal (C) could be related to gastrointestinal issues.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because in a patient with anemia and low hemoglobin concentration, their PaO2 will be decreased due to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of blood. This is a result of decreased oxygen saturation in the blood. A: Decreased TPR is incorrect because anemia can lead to compensatory mechanisms such as increased sympathetic tone and vasoconstriction, resulting in increased total peripheral resistance. B: Increased cardiac output is incorrect as the heart may need to work harder to maintain oxygen delivery to tissues due to decreased oxygen-carrying capacity. C: Increased 2,3 DPG in RBC is incorrect because anemia can lead to decreased 2,3 DPG levels, which shift the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve to the left, impairing oxygen release to tissues.