ATI RN
Vital Signs Assessment Chapter 7 Questions
Question 1 of 5
The tissue that connects the tongue to the floor of the mouth is the:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this question, the correct answer is D) Frenulum. The frenulum is a band of tissue that connects the tongue to the floor of the mouth. This structure is essential for the proper movement and function of the tongue during speech and swallowing. Understanding the anatomy of the oral cavity is crucial for healthcare professionals when assessing a patient's oral health and functioning. Option A) Uvula is incorrect because the uvula is a small, fleshy projection at the back of the soft palate, not related to the tongue's connection. Option B) Palate is incorrect because the palate refers to the roof of the mouth, which is divided into the hard palate at the front and the soft palate at the back, not related to the tongue's connection. Option C) Papillae is incorrect because papillae are small raised bumps on the surface of the tongue that contain taste buds, not related to the tissue connecting the tongue to the floor of the mouth. By understanding the anatomy of the oral cavity, healthcare professionals can accurately assess and address any issues related to speech, swallowing, or oral health. This knowledge is vital for providing comprehensive care to patients and ensuring their overall well-being.
Question 2 of 5
During an assessment, the nurse knows that expected assessment findings in the normal adult lung include the presence of:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C) Muffled voice sounds and symmetric tactile fremitus. In a normal adult lung assessment, the presence of muffled voice sounds indicates that sound is transmitted normally through the lung tissue. This is a normal finding. Symmetric tactile fremitus means that vibrations are felt equally on both sides of the chest when the patient speaks. This finding is also normal in a healthy adult. Option A) Adventitious sounds and limited chest expansion are indicative of abnormal lung findings such as crackles or wheezes, which suggest underlying respiratory conditions. Limited chest expansion may be seen in conditions like pneumonia or pleural effusion. Option B) Increased tactile fremitus and dull percussion tones are associated with lung consolidation, a condition where lung tissue becomes solid instead of filled with air. This is often seen in conditions like pneumonia. Option D) Absent voice sounds and hyperresonant percussion tones can be indicative of conditions like pneumothorax, where air accumulates in the pleural space leading to decreased or absent breath sounds and hyperresonance upon percussion. Educationally, understanding normal lung assessment findings is crucial for nurses to differentiate between normal and abnormal findings, which can guide further diagnostic and treatment decisions. By recognizing what is expected in a healthy adult lung, nurses can provide better patient care and identify early signs of respiratory issues.
Question 3 of 5
A teenage patient comes to the emergency department with complaints of an inability to breathe and a sharp pain in the left side of his chest. The assessment findings include cyanosis, tachypnea, tracheal deviation to the right, decreased tactile fremitus on the left, hyperresonance on the left, and decreased breath sounds on the left. The nurse interprets that these assessment findings are consistent with:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: With a pneumothorax, free air in the pleural space causes partial or complete lung collapse. If the pneumothorax is large, then tachypnea and cyanosis are evident. Unequal chest expansion, decreased or absent tactile fremitus, tracheal deviation to the unaffected side, decreased chest expansion, hyperresonant percussion tones, and decreased or absent breath sounds are found with the presence of pneumothorax.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing for a class in early detection of breast cancer. Which statement is true with regard to breast cancer in black women in the United States?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Black women have a higher mortality rate from breast cancer than white women and are more likely to die of their disease. In addition, black women are significantly more likely to be diagnosed with regional or distant breast cancer than are white women. These racial differences in mortality rates may be related to an insufficient use of screening measures and a lack of access to health care.
Question 5 of 5
When listening to heart sounds, the nurse knows the valve closures that can be heard best at the base of the heart are:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this question, the correct answer is C) Aortic and pulmonic. When listening to heart sounds, the nurse can hear the aortic and pulmonic valve closures best at the base of the heart. This is because these valves are located at the base of the heart where the major blood vessels exit. The aortic valve is on the left side, and the pulmonic valve is on the right side at the base of the heart. Option A) Mitral and tricuspid is incorrect because these valves are located at the apex of the heart and are best heard at the lower left sternal border. Option B) Tricuspid and aortic is incorrect because the tricuspid valve is best heard at the lower left sternal border along the tricuspid area. Option D) Mitral and pulmonic is incorrect because the mitral valve is best heard at the apex of the heart, while the pulmonic valve is best heard at the left upper sternal border. Understanding the specific locations of the heart valves and where they are best auscultated is crucial for accurate assessment and diagnosis of cardiac conditions. By knowing where to listen for each valve, nurses can detect abnormalities and provide appropriate care to their patients.