ATI RN
Lymphatic System Questions and Answers PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
The thoracic duct empties directly into the vein
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The thoracic duct empties into the left subclavian vein at the jugular-subclavian junction.
Question 2 of 5
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are effector cells that generally reside in barrier tissues, such as the skin, the gut, and the lung. These cells closely resemble subsets of T lymphocytes, but lack a T cell antigen-receptor. Instead, these cells produce their effector molecules following stimulation by:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ILCs respond to cytokines from innate cells ; PAMPs are indirect, TNF-α or acute phase proteins are less specific triggers.
Question 3 of 5
Scaffold proteins are often phosphorylated at multiple sites, allowing the recruitment of several different signaling proteins. In antigen receptor signaling pathways, this mechanism is used to bring enzymes in close proximity to their substrates. Termination of this signaling mechanism would be most efficiently accomplished by:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dephosphorylation disrupts scaffold signaling; ubiquitination is slower, GAP or depletion are less direct.
Question 4 of 5
Natural killer cells
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Natural killer (NK) cells release chemicals (e.g., perforin) to induce apoptosis in virus-infected cells, not phagocytosis or antibody tagging.
Question 5 of 5
The secondary immune response occurs when memory cells bind to
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Memory cells respond to antigens in the secondary immune response, triggering a faster, stronger reaction, not hormones, antibodies, or plasma cells.