ATI RN
The Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
The therapeutic action of neurotransmitter inhibitors that block reuptake cause:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: increased concentration of neurotransmitter in the synaptic gap. When neurotransmitter reuptake is blocked, it remains in the synaptic gap longer, leading to an increased concentration available for binding to postsynaptic receptors. This enhances neurotransmission and can help alleviate symptoms associated with neurotransmitter imbalances. A: decreased concentration of the neurotransmitter in the central nervous system - This is incorrect because blocking reuptake leads to an increased concentration of neurotransmitter, not decreased. C: destruction of receptor sites - This is incorrect as blocking reuptake does not lead to the destruction of receptor sites. D: limbic system stimulation - This is incorrect as blocking reuptake affects neurotransmitter levels in the synaptic gap, not the stimulation of a specific brain region like the limbic system.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has been treated for lung cancer for 3 years. Over the past few months, the patient has noticed that the opioid analgesic is not helping as much as it had previously and more medication is needed for the same pain relief. The nurse is aware that this patient is experiencing opioid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: tolerance. Tolerance occurs when a patient requires increasing doses of a medication to achieve the same effect over time. In this case, the patient needs more opioid medication for the same pain relief, indicating tolerance. Addiction (A) involves a psychological dependence on a substance, which is not directly related to the need for increased doses for pain relief. Toxicity (C) refers to harmful effects of a drug at excessive doses, not the need for higher doses for pain relief. Abstinence syndrome (D) is the set of symptoms that occur when a person stops using a drug abruptly, not the need for increasing doses due to decreased effectiveness.
Question 3 of 5
A patient in a rehabilitation center is beginning to experience opioid withdrawal symptoms. The nurse expects to administer which drug as part of the treatment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: methadone. Methadone is commonly used in managing opioid withdrawal symptoms due to its long-acting properties and ability to reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms. It helps stabilize the patient and prevent relapse. Diazepam (A) is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and not typically for opioid withdrawal. Disulfiram (C) is used for alcohol aversion therapy, not opioid withdrawal. Bupropion (D) is used for smoking cessation, not opioid withdrawal.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has been started on therapy of a continuous infusion of lidocaine after receiving a loading dose of the drug. The nurse will monitor the patient for which adverse effect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Convulsions. Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that can cause adverse effects like convulsions, especially with rapid administration or high doses. Drowsiness (A) may occur but is less concerning. Nystagmus (B) is a possible side effect of lidocaine but not a priority to monitor. Dry mouth (C) is not a common adverse effect of lidocaine infusion. Monitoring for convulsions is crucial due to the potential neurotoxic effects of lidocaine.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is taking a xanthine derivative as part of treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The nurse will monitor for adverse effects associated with the use of xanthine derivatives, such as
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: palpitations. Xanthine derivatives, like theophylline, are known to cause cardiac stimulant effects, leading to increased heart rate and palpitations. This is due to their mechanism of action as bronchodilators. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Diarrhea is not a common adverse effect associated with xanthine derivatives. C: Bradycardia is the opposite of what is expected with xanthine derivatives, which usually increase heart rate. D: Drowsiness is not a typical adverse effect of xanthine derivatives, as they are stimulants and can cause insomnia instead.