ATI RN
Chapter 67 Care of Patients with Kidney Disorders Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The term _______________ means an examination by a pathologist to determine cause of death
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Autopsy. An autopsy is a thorough examination of a body by a pathologist to determine the cause of death. Atrophy (A) refers to the wasting away of body tissues, not an examination. Anatomy (B) is the study of the structure of organisms, not specifically related to determining cause of death. Avulsion (D) is the tearing away of a body part, not related to postmortem examinations. Therefore, C is the correct answer as it directly relates to the process of determining cause of death through a detailed examination.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a preoperative patient how to cough effectively. What can the nurse tell the patient to do to facilitate coughing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) Hold a pillow or folded bath blanket over the incision. This technique is known as splinting, which helps to reduce pain and provide support to the incision site when coughing. By holding a pillow or blanket over the incision, the patient can exert less force and pressure on the surgical area, making coughing more comfortable and effective. Option B) Get up and walk before you try to cough is incorrect because walking before coughing may not provide the same level of support and protection to the incision site as splinting with a pillow or blanket. Option C) It would be best if you do not cough until you feel better is incorrect as coughing is a vital postoperative activity to prevent complications such as pneumonia. Delaying coughing until the patient feels better can lead to the retention of secretions and potential respiratory issues. Option D) When you cough, cover your nose and mouth with a tissue is incorrect because although covering the nose and mouth is important for infection control, it does not directly address the need for splinting the incision to facilitate effective coughing postoperatively. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses to teach patients proper techniques for postoperative care to promote optimal recovery and prevent complications. Understanding and implementing splinting techniques during coughing can significantly reduce discomfort and promote healing in patients undergoing surgical procedures, especially those involving the abdomen or chest. Nurses play a vital role in educating patients on self-care strategies to enhance their postoperative outcomes and overall well-being.
Question 3 of 5
A school nurse is assessing children in the third grade for pediculosis capitis. What assessments should be made?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) the head for nits on hair shafts. This is the correct assessment for pediculosis capitis as head lice infestation typically involves the presence of nits (lice eggs) attached to the hair shafts near the scalp. Checking for nits is crucial in identifying a head lice infestation accurately. Option A) checking the pubic area for hair growth is incorrect as pediculosis capitis specifically refers to head lice infestation, not pubic lice infestation. Option C) assessing the nails for evidence of cleanliness is irrelevant to the assessment of pediculosis capitis and does not provide any information about head lice infestation. Option D) examining the body for evidence of abuse is unrelated to pediculosis capitis assessment and is not a standard practice for identifying head lice infestation. In an educational context, understanding the correct assessment for pediculosis capitis is essential for school nurses and healthcare providers working with children. By knowing the specific signs and symptoms of head lice infestation, healthcare professionals can accurately diagnose and manage this common childhood condition, promoting prompt treatment and preventing its spread within the school or community. This knowledge also helps in educating parents and caregivers on effective prevention and treatment strategies for pediculosis capitis.
Question 4 of 5
Why is it important for the nurse to teach and role model proper body mechanics?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) to promote health and prevent illness. Proper body mechanics are essential for nurses to prevent musculoskeletal injuries and promote their own health and well-being. By teaching and role modeling proper body mechanics, nurses not only protect themselves from workplace injuries but also ensure that they can continue to provide quality care to their patients without physical limitations. Option A (to ensure knowledgeable patient care) is incorrect because while proper body mechanics contribute to quality patient care indirectly by maintaining the nurse's physical health, the primary focus is on preventing injuries rather than directly impacting patient knowledge. Option C (to prevent unnecessary insurance claims) is incorrect because the importance of proper body mechanics goes beyond insurance claims. It is about promoting the overall health and safety of healthcare professionals and preventing long-term musculoskeletal issues. Option D (to demonstrate knowledge and skills) is incorrect because while proper body mechanics do reflect a nurse's knowledge and skills, the main purpose is to prevent injuries and maintain physical health rather than solely showcasing expertise. In an educational context, teaching proper body mechanics is crucial for nursing students to learn early in their training to prevent future injuries and promote a culture of safety in healthcare settings. By understanding and practicing good body mechanics, nurses can prolong their careers and provide optimal care to their patients.
Question 5 of 5
During a health history interview, a male patient tells the nurse that he does not feel that he completely empties his bladder when he voids. He has been diagnosed with an enlarged prostate. What is the name of this symptom?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) urinary retention. In a male patient with an enlarged prostate, urinary retention occurs when the prostate gland presses against the urethra, obstructing the flow of urine and leading to incomplete bladder emptying. This results in the sensation of not fully emptying the bladder after voiding. Option A) urinary incontinence refers to the involuntary loss of urine, which is not the symptom described in the patient's case. Option C) involuntary voiding implies the inability to control urination, which is different from the retention described. Option D) urinary frequency refers to the need to urinate more often than usual, which is not the primary concern in this scenario. Understanding the symptoms of urinary retention in patients with an enlarged prostate is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers to provide appropriate care and interventions. Educating patients on the signs and symptoms of urinary retention can help in early identification and management of this condition to prevent complications such as urinary tract infections or bladder damage. Nurses play a key role in assessing, educating, and supporting patients with kidney disorders like urinary retention, emphasizing the importance of accurate symptom recognition for timely interventions.