ATI RN
PN Vital Signs Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
The technique that uses ultrasound to deliver medications through the skin is which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Phonophoresis. Phonophoresis is a technique that uses ultrasound waves to enhance the delivery of medications through the skin. Ultrasound waves help to increase the permeability of the skin, allowing the medications to penetrate deeper into the tissues. This method is commonly used in physical therapy to treat various musculoskeletal conditions. Summary of other choices: B: Diathermy is a therapeutic technique that uses high-frequency electromagnetic currents for deep heating of tissues. C: Iontophoresis is a technique that uses electrical currents to drive medications into the skin. D: None of the above is incorrect as phonophoresis is the correct technique described in the question.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing to assess a patient's abdomen by palpation. How should the nurse proceed?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it follows the proper sequence for abdominal palpation. Light palpation should always precede deep palpation to detect surface characteristics and allow the patient to get accustomed to being touched. This approach helps the nurse gather initial information and establish rapport with the patient. Palpating reportedly tender areas should not be avoided (Choice A) as it is important to assess all areas for potential issues. Quickly palpating a tender area (Choice B) may cause unnecessary discomfort to the patient. Beginning with deep palpation (Choice C) before light palpation is not recommended as it may cause discomfort and prevent the nurse from effectively assessing the abdomen.
Question 3 of 5
Monique is a 33-year-old administrative assistant who has had intermittent lower abdominal pain approximately one week a month for the past year. It is not related to her menses. She notes relief with defecation, and a change in form and frequency of her bowel movements with these episodes. Which of the following is most likely?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Monique's symptoms of lower abdominal pain relieved by defecation, and changes in bowel movements (form and frequency) without relation to menses are classic features of IBS. IBS is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. Colon cancer (A) typically presents with more serious symptoms like rectal bleeding and unexplained weight loss. Cholecystitis (B) involves inflammation of the gallbladder, presenting with right upper quadrant pain. Inflammatory bowel disease (C) includes conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, which present with symptoms such as bloody diarrhea and weight loss.
Question 4 of 5
You are a student in the vascular surgery clinic. You are asked to perform a physical examination on a patient with known peripheral vascular disease in the legs. Which of the following aspects is important to note when you perform your examination?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale for correct answer (A): - Size: Helps assess for muscle wasting or swelling. - Symmetry: Indicates potential arterial occlusion or venous insufficiency. - Skin color: Changes may suggest poor perfusion or venous stasis. Summary of incorrect choices: - B: Muscle bulk and tone are important but secondary to circulation assessment. - C: Nodules in joints are more relevant to rheumatologic conditions. - D: Lower extremity strength is important but not as critical for vascular assessment.
Question 5 of 5
The client after having a haemorrhagic stroke has residual dysphagia. When a diet order is initiated, the nurse avoids doing which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Giving the client thin liquids can be dangerous for someone with dysphagia as it can increase the risk of aspiration. Thickening liquids to the consistency of oatmeal helps prevent aspiration. Placing food on the unaffected side of the mouth can assist in swallowing. Allowing plenty of time for chewing and swallowing is important for safe eating.