ATI RN
Questions on the Endocrine System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The target organs of ADH are the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ADH (vasopressin) targets kidneys (water reabsorption via aquaporins) and blood vessels (vasoconstriction) raises blood pressure/volume. Adrenal cortex (aldosterone) and liver (metabolism) aren't ADH targets different systems. Liver-kidney omits vessels. Pituitary releases ADH, thyroid is unrelated. Kidney-vessel dual action distinguishes ADH, critical for fluid balance, unlike endocrine or metabolic pairs.
Question 2 of 5
An autoimmune form of hypothyroidism when the body destroys the thyroid cells is called
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hashimoto's disease is autoimmune hypothyroidism thyroid destruction lowers T3/T4, causing myxedema-like symptoms. Graves is autoimmune hyperthyroidism overactivity. Myxedema is hypothyroidism's result, not cause. Acromegaly is GH-related, unrelated. Hashimoto's autoimmune basis distinguishes it, key to thyroid failure, unlike hyper, symptomatic, or growth disorders.
Question 3 of 5
The main mineralocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aldosterone, from adrenal cortex's zona glomerulosa, is the primary mineralocorticoid regulates sodium/potassium, blood volume. Cortisol (fasciculata) is a glucocorticoid, minor mineral effect. Glucagon (pancreas) raises glucose, unrelated. Epinephrine (medulla) is catecholamine, not steroid. Aldosterone's electrolyte focus distinguishes it, critical for pressure/fluid balance, unlike glucose or stress hormones.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is NOT an action of insulin?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin doesn't break down glycogen it promotes glycogenesis (storage), lowering blood glucose by enhancing uptake and energy use. Breakdown (glycogenolysis) is glucagon's role opposite. Absorption, usage, and lowering are insulin's core actions. Glycogen synthesis distinguishes insulin, key to glucose reduction, unlike breakdown error.
Question 5 of 5
What is the hormone produced by adipose tissue which signals satiety?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Leptin, from adipose tissue, signals satiety to hypothalamus, reducing hunger adiposity feedback. Melatonin (pineal) governs sleep, not eating. Thymosins (thymus) boost immunity, unrelated. Glucagon (pancreas) raises glucose, not satiety. Leptin's appetite control distinguishes it, key to energy balance, unlike sleep, immune, or glucose hormones.