ATI RN
Test Questions on Autonomic Nervous System MCAT Questions
Question 1 of 5
The surface of the cerebral hemispheres, 2-4 mm thick, consisting of gray matter; arranged in six layers of neuronal cell bodies in most areas.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The cerebral cortex is the gray matter surface of the cerebral hemispheres, 2-4 mm thick, with six neuronal layers. Astrocytes are glia, neuropathy is a disorder, and cranial nerves are PNS.
Question 2 of 5
A neuron that propagates nerve impulses toward a synapse.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The presynaptic neuron sends nerve impulses toward a synapse, releasing neurotransmitters. Postsynaptic neurons receive signals, enteric plexuses are digestive, and synaptic end bulbs are axon parts.
Question 3 of 5
The peripheral, nucleated cytoplasmic layer of the Schwann cell. Also called sheath of Schwann.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The neurolemma (sheath of Schwann) is the outer cytoplasmic layer of Schwann cells, aiding PNS axon regeneration. Axon conducts signals, oligodendrocytes are CNS glia, and depression is unrelated.
Question 4 of 5
Neuron whose axon extends only for a short distance and contacts nearby neurons in the brain, spinal cord, or a ganglion; comprise the vast majority of neurons in the body.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Interneurons connect neurons within the CNS or ganglia, forming most CNS neurons. Axon terminals end axons, convergence is a synapse pattern, and gray matter is tissue.
Question 5 of 5
The breakdown of Nissl bodies into finely granular masses in the cell body of a neuron whose axon has been damaged.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chromatolysis is the breakdown of Nissl bodies (rough ER) in a neuron’s cell body after axon injury, indicating repair. Dendrites are neuron parts, neurology is a field, and satellite cells are PNS glia.