ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions On Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The Substrate for NOS (Nitric Oxide Synthase)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: L-Arginine is the substrate for NOS converted to nitric oxide (NO) and citrulline, key for vasodilation (e.g., erection). Citrulline is a product, not substrate resultant. Cyclic AMP/GMP are second messengers, not NOS inputs downstream. Arginine's conversion distinguishes it, critical for NO production, unlike products or signaling molecules.
Question 2 of 5
The current indications for sacral neuromodulation include all except
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sacral neuromodulation treats urgency, frequency, and urge incontinence modulates sacral nerves (S3) for bladder control. Interstitial cystitis (IC) isn't a standard indication pain-focused, variable response, not primary use. Urgency/frequency tie to overactivity responsive. Urge incontinence is core strong evidence. IC's exclusion distinguishes it, critical for neuromodulation's scope, unlike included overactive symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
All of the following statements regarding histopathological feature of spermatocytic seminoma are correct, EXCEPT
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spermatocytic seminoma lacks lymphocyte infiltration unlike classic seminoma, it's stroma-poor. Glycogen-negative true, lacks storage. PLAP-negative correct, not embryonal marker. Round nuclei accurate, typical feature. Absent lymphocytes distinguish it, key to its unique histopathology (older men, benign), unlike glycogen, PLAP, or nuclear truths.
Question 4 of 5
A 68 years old male presented with gross painless hematuria for last 7 days. On evaluation 3.5 cm × 2.5 cm growth detected on base of urinary bladder. Post TURBT histopathological report suggestive of non-muscle invasive micropapillary variant of urothelial carcinoma. Metastatic workups were negative. The next best treatment option for him is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Micropapillary urothelial carcinoma (non-muscle-invasive) warrants radical cystectomy aggressive, high recurrence/progression risk despite NMIBC status. BCG is standard for typical NMIBC insufficient here. Neoadjuvant chemo suits muscle-invasive overkill now. Re-TURBT assesses residual, but micropapillary's behavior pushes cystectomy. Radical approach distinguishes it, key to curbing this variant's potential, unlike conservative or staging options.
Question 5 of 5
All of the following statements regarding micropapillary variant of urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder are true, EXCEPT
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Micropapillary urothelial carcinoma lacks strong female predominance slight male bias, aggressive in both false. 5-year survival ~50% true, poor prognosis. Surgery (cystectomy) is best correct. 0.7-2.2% prevalence accurate rarity. No female dominance distinguishes the error, key to its epidemiology, unlike survival, treatment, or frequency truths.