The study of the normal functioning and disorders of the nervous system.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Neurology is the study of nervous system function and disorders. Nerve is a structure, oligodendrocytes are glia, and parasympathetic is a system.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rabies is a viral disease transmitted via bites, reaching the CNS through axonal transport, causing neurological symptoms and death. Effectors are targets, myelin sheath is insulation, and axosomatic is a synapse.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the PNS, Schwann cells form a regeneration tube to guide axon regrowth after injury. Dendrites receive signals, soma is the cell body, and myelin sheath insulates.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Neurons consist of dendrites (receive signals), cell body (soma, with nucleus), and axon (transmits signals). Nucleus is part of the cell body, neurofibrils are internal, and nodes are axon features.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Photoreceptors (rods, cones) in the eye are sensory receptors, detecting light. Smooth muscle is an effector, somatic nerve controls voluntary muscles, and ganglion is a cell body cluster.