ATI RN
Pharmacology ATI Final Questions
Question 1 of 5
The student nurse has been reading about the Human Genome Project and asks the nursing instructor how this will impact future pharmacological therapies. What is the best response by the instructor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Human Genome Project enables pharmacogenomics, tailoring drugs to genetic profiles for better efficacy (e.g., CYP2D6 variants), not eliminating drugs. Standardized doses ignore genetics. Disease prevention via genes complements, not replaces, drugs. Individualized therapy leverages genomics, enhancing treatment precision.
Question 2 of 5
A 63-year-old man with glaucoma maintained on a regimen of topical medications with an exacerbation of his symptoms. He complains of difficulty with his vision in both eyes and has headaches. Which of the following drugs is the most appropriate treatment for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Glaucoma involves elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), and this patient's exacerbation-vision difficulty and headaches-requires effective IOP reduction. Bimatoprost and Latanoprost are prostaglandin analogs, increasing outflow, but may not act fast enough for acute worsening. Pilocarpine , a muscarinic agonist, contracts the ciliary muscle, opening the trabecular meshwork, enhancing aqueous humor outflow, and rapidly lowering IOP-ideal for this scenario. Tetracycline is an antibiotic, irrelevant. Travoprost (E), another prostaglandin, is similar to A and B. Pilocarpine's direct action on outflow makes it most appropriate for urgent IOP control in open-angle or angle-closure glaucoma exacerbation. Its side effects (miosis, brow ache) are tolerable given the need for immediate relief, distinguishing it from slower-acting prostaglandins.
Question 3 of 5
A 26-year-old man with a chronic cough takes codeine for cough suppression. He presents to his primary care physician for follow-up. The patient admits to taking this medication three times daily even when he does not have symptoms. The treating physician must be concerned about which of the following effects?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 4 of 5
A 34-year-old man presents to the emergency department with fevers, chills, muscle aches, and headaches for the past 16 h. His son has been sick for the past week and unable to attend daycare. He did not receive the influenza vaccine this year. A nasal swab is performed and he is diagnosed with influenza. He is started on oseltamivir. What is the mechanism of action of oseltamivir?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
A patient suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is placed on atomoxetine. A drug that has a similar mechanism of action to atomoxetine is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Atomoxetine treats ADHD by selectively inhibiting norepinephrine (NE) reuptake, increasing NE and dopamine in the prefrontal cortex to improve attention and impulse control, without stimulant properties. Methylphenidate blocks DA and NE reuptake but is a stimulant, differing in profile and abuse potential. Botulinum toxin affects neuromuscular junctions, unrelated to ADHD. Clonidine, an alpha-2 agonist, reduces NE release, calming hyperactivity but not via reuptake. Amitriptyline, a TCA, inhibits NE and 5HT reuptake, with broader effects and sedation, used off-label for ADHD in some cases. Its NE reuptake inhibition parallels atomoxetine's core mechanism, though it's less selective and not first-line. Among these, amitriptyline's shared NE focus makes it mechanistically closest.