ATI RN
100 Questions on the Cardiovascular System PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
The structure of hemoglobin A is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hemoglobin A (adult) has 2 α and 2 β polypeptide chains (globin) and 4 heme groups (iron-containing), allowing it to bind 4 oxygen molecules. ‘Globin molecules’ alone is vague and incorrect.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a diagnosis of atrial fibrillation has just been placed on warfarin therapy. The registered nurse (RN) overhears a student nurse teaching the client about potential food-drug interactions. Which statement made by the student nurse requires an intervention by the RN?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Warfarin blocks vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Saying clients can’t eat green, leafy vegetables (C) is incorrect; they should maintain consistent vitamin K intake, not avoid it. Asking about supplements (A), monitoring vitamin K (B), and regular blood tests (D) are accurate. (Source: Document, p. 13-14)
Question 3 of 5
Identify the chamber of the heart with the thickest wall.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The left ventricle (B) has the thickest wall (~10-15 mm) to pump blood against high systemic resistance (~120 mmHg). The right ventricle (D) is thinner (~4-5 mm) for pulmonary circulation (~25 mmHg), and atria (A, C) are thinnest as they only pump to ventricles.
Question 4 of 5
A heart murmur is due to
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A heart murmur is caused by turbulent blood flow from leaky (incompetent) or stenotic valves (A). Cardiac arrest (B) stops the heart, normal valve action (C) doesn’t cause murmurs, and extra beats (D) are arrhythmias, not murmurs.
Question 5 of 5
During atrial systole, the atria are ___ the ventricles are ___ the AV valves are ___ and the SL valves are ___
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During atrial systole, atria contract, ventricles relax, AV valves are open (filling ventricles), and semilunar (SL) valves are closed (B). A is ventricular systole, C/D mismatch phases.