The stage of dying in which a person believes “yes me

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Acceptance. In the stages of dying proposed by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross, acceptance is the final stage. This stage involves coming to terms with one's mortality and finding peace with the situation. It signifies a readiness to die without fear or resistance. In contrast, denial (choice C) involves refusing to accept the reality of impending death, while depression (choice B) typically occurs after denial when the person starts to feel sad about their situation. Choice A is not a stage in the Kubler-Ross model and does not align with the progression of emotions in facing death.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of basic nursing care needs, deep-breathing exercises are crucial postoperatively to prevent complications like atelectasis. Option D, asking the patient to hold their breath for 3 to 5 seconds, is the correct step in this procedure. This technique helps to fully expand the lungs, improving ventilation and oxygenation. Option A is incorrect because placing the patient in a prone position is not conducive to effective deep-breathing exercises. Option B is incorrect as feeling the chest rise does not necessarily ensure proper lung expansion. Option C is also incorrect as rapid exhalation and inhalation can lead to hyperventilation rather than deep breathing. Educationally, it is important for nurses to understand the rationale behind deep-breathing exercises to provide optimal postoperative care. By explaining the correct technique and the reasons why other options are incorrect, nurses can ensure patient safety and recovery. Training in proper techniques for postoperative care is essential for nurses to provide holistic patient care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, option C, "No, douching removes normal bacteria," is the correct choice. Douching disrupts the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina, leading to the removal of both harmful and beneficial bacteria. This can increase the risk of infections, including bacterial vaginosis and yeast infections. Option A, "Yes, this helps prevent vaginal odor," is incorrect because douching can actually disrupt the natural vaginal flora, leading to an imbalance that may increase odor and the risk of infections. Option B, "Yes, this decreases vaginal secretions," is incorrect because douching does not have a significant impact on vaginal secretions. In fact, it can disturb the normal moisture levels in the vagina, leading to dryness or increased secretions as a result of the body's attempt to rebalance itself. Option D, "No, douching may increase secretions," is incorrect as douching is more likely to disrupt the natural balance of vaginal secretions rather than decrease or increase them in a healthy manner. From an educational perspective, it is important for nurses to understand the potential risks associated with douching and to educate patients on maintaining vaginal health through proper hygiene practices that support the body's natural processes. Providing evidence-based information empowers patients to make informed decisions regarding their health and well-being.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In a patient on prolonged bedrest with high levels of urinary calcium, the correct risk posed is option B) renal calculi (kidney stones). This occurs because when calcium levels in the urine are elevated, there is an increased likelihood of calcium crystals forming in the kidneys, leading to the development of kidney stones. Option A) urinary calcium is not a concern is incorrect because elevated urinary calcium levels can indeed lead to complications like kidney stones. Option C) increased urinary output is not directly related to high urinary calcium levels. Option D) imbalanced intake/output is a general statement and does not specifically address the risk associated with high urinary calcium levels. Educationally, understanding the implications of high urinary calcium levels in patients on prolonged bedrest is crucial for nurses providing care. This knowledge helps in early identification of potential complications like kidney stones, allowing for timely interventions and preventive measures to be implemented, thus improving patient outcomes and quality of care. It also emphasizes the importance of monitoring laboratory results and understanding the significance of each parameter in patient care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Social Isolation. In this scenario, the constant dribbling of urine experienced by the older adult woman can lead to physical discomfort, unpleasant odor, and embarrassment. These factors can contribute to her withdrawing from social interactions and activities due to fear of judgment or embarrassment related to her urinary incontinence. Social isolation is a common consequence of such conditions, where individuals may avoid social situations to prevent potential humiliation or discomfort. Option B) Impaired Adjustment is less relevant in this case as it typically relates to difficulty in adapting to life changes or stressors, which may not be the primary concern here. Option C) Defensive Coping involves unconscious strategies to protect oneself from psychological harm. While this may play a role in how the woman copes with her condition, it is not directly related to the social consequences of urinary incontinence. Option D) Impaired Memory is not the most appropriate diagnosis for this situation as there is no direct link between memory impairment and the symptoms described. From an educational perspective, understanding the impact of urinary incontinence on an individual's social and emotional well-being is crucial for nurses. By recognizing the potential for social isolation in patients experiencing urinary incontinence, nurses can implement appropriate interventions to address not only the physical symptoms but also the psychosocial implications of the condition. This case highlights the importance of holistic nursing care that considers the emotional and social needs of patients alongside their physical symptoms.