The spouse of a client with gastric cancer expresses concern that the couple’s children may develop this type of cancer when they’re older. When reviewing risk factors for gastric cancer with the client and family, the nurse explains that a certain blood type increases the risk by 10%. The nurse is referring to:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Type A. Individuals with blood type A have a slightly higher risk of developing gastric cancer compared to other blood types. This is due to the presence of certain antigens associated with Type A blood that may increase susceptibility to gastric cancer. In this case, the nurse mentions a 10% increased risk for individuals with Type A blood, which aligns with the known epidemiological data. Choice B: Type AB is incorrect because individuals with Type AB blood do not have a known increased risk of gastric cancer. Choice C: Type B is incorrect because individuals with Type B blood do not have a known increased risk of gastric cancer. Choice D: Type O is incorrect because individuals with Type O blood actually have a slightly lower risk of developing gastric cancer compared to individuals with Type A blood.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: D is correct because cleanliness helps prevent infections. Washing hands and keeping breasts clean reduces the risk of mastitis and abscesses. A is incorrect because alternating breasts is a common practice in breastfeeding. B is incorrect as frequent nursing helps maintain milk supply and prevent engorgement, reducing the risk of mastitis. C is incorrect as breastfeeding itself is not a cause of mastitis or abscess; stopping abruptly can lead to further complications like engorgement.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Right ventricular hypertrophy. Elevated pulmonary vascular pressures lead to increased resistance in the pulmonary circulation, causing the right ventricle to work harder to pump blood to the lungs. Over time, this can result in hypertrophy of the right ventricle as it adapts to the increased workload. Left atrial atrophy (A) and right atrial atrophy (C) are unlikely as the atria are not directly affected by elevated pulmonary pressures. Left ventricular hypertrophy (B) is not the correct choice as it typically occurs in response to systemic hypertension, not pulmonary hypertension.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stage 2 hypertension. The patient's BP readings consistently fall within the range of 160-179 systolic or 100-109 diastolic, which aligns with the criteria for Stage 2 hypertension based on the current guidelines. This classification indicates a higher level of hypertension that requires prompt medical attention and intervention to reduce the risk of complications. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not correspond to the BP readings provided, falling outside the range for prehypertension, Stage 1 hypertension, and posthypertension.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the inability to move the affected leg post lumbar microdiskectomy could indicate a serious complication like nerve damage or blood clot. This would require immediate medical attention to prevent further complications. Incisional pain (A) is common and can be managed with pain medication. A two-inch area of bleeding on the dressing (C) is concerning but can be managed with proper wound care unless it is excessive. Muscle spasm (D) is also common postoperatively and can be managed with medications or physical therapy.