ATI RN
Nutrition and Fluid Balance Questions
Question 1 of 5
The second line of defence will be the respiratory mechanism of pH control. Which statement describes the respiratory response in this situation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because faster, deeper respirations help to eliminate excess CO2, which reduces the concentration of H+ ions in the blood, thus increasing pH. This compensates for the change in [H+] and helps maintain pH balance. Slower, shallower respirations (choice C) would not effectively eliminate CO2, leading to a buildup of H+ ions and a decrease in pH. Slower, deeper respirations (choice D) would also not effectively eliminate CO2, and the depth of respiration alone does not directly impact pH regulation. Choice A is incorrect because the respiratory mechanism plays a crucial role in pH control through the elimination of CO2.
Question 2 of 5
If the body is in a state of negative water balance, this will have a direct and profound effect on the volume of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. In a state of negative water balance, the body is losing more water than it is taking in. This will lead to dehydration and a decrease in total body water volume, not an increase. The other choices, A, C, and D, are incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the impact of negative water balance on body volume.
Question 3 of 5
Na+ is the major cation of the ICF, while K+ is the major anion of the ECF.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Na+ is the major cation of the ECF (extracellular fluid), not the ICF (intracellular fluid). K+ is the major cation of the ICF, not the major anion of the ECF. Therefore, the statement in the question is incorrect. Choice A is incorrect because it incorrectly states the information. Choices C and D are irrelevant as they do not provide any relevant response to the question.
Question 4 of 5
Salt conservation by the body will result in an increase in ECF volume and not hypertonicity of the ECF.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: When the body conserves salt, it retains more sodium ions in the extracellular fluid (ECF). Step 2: Sodium ions attract water, leading to an increase in ECF volume. Step 3: This increase in volume dilutes the ECF, making it less hypertonic. Step 4: Therefore, salt conservation results in increased ECF volume, not hypertonicity. Summary: Option A is correct because salt conservation leads to volume expansion in the ECF, not hypertonicity. Option B is incorrect as it misinterprets the relationship between salt conservation and ECF characteristics. Options C and D are not applicable as they are placeholders.
Question 5 of 5
Extracellular fluid volume depends primarily on the sodium load in the body.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Extracellular fluid volume is mainly regulated by sodium levels as sodium plays a key role in maintaining fluid balance. When sodium levels are high, water is retained in the extracellular space, increasing volume. Conversely, low sodium levels lead to water excretion, decreasing volume. Therefore, the statement that extracellular fluid volume depends primarily on sodium load is true. Other choices are not applicable as they do not provide relevant information.