ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The school nurse prepares a program for junior high school students on sun safety. Which information will the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sunscreen should provide protection against both UVA and UVB radiation and include SPF information (A). UVB radiation is most intense between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. (B). An SPF of at least 15 is recommended (D). Clouds do not block all radiation, so sunscreen is still needed on cloudy days (C is incorrect).
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following drugs can suppress seizure activity and decrease the frequency of migraine headache?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Valproate is a medication commonly used to treat seizures and prevent migraine headaches. It acts by suppressing seizure activity and stabilizing electrical activity in the brain. Valproate is a broad-spectrum anticonvulsant drug that can be an effective treatment for epilepsy and migraine prophylaxis. It works by increasing the levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that inhibits brain activity, thus reducing the frequency and severity of seizures and migraine attacks. Glipizide is an oral antidiabetic drug used to treat type 2 diabetes, hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic used to treat high blood pressure, and atropine is a medication with various uses, including dilating the pupils and reducing secretions during surgery.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client receiving IV nitroglycerin for chest pain. Which assessment finding requires immediate action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nitroglycerin dilates vessels, relieving angina but risking hypotension. BP of 90/60 mmHg indicates excessive drop, requiring immediate action (e.g., stopping infusion) to prevent shock. Heart rate of 80 and respiratory rate of 16 are normal. Pain at 2/10 shows efficacy. Hypotension's threat to perfusion aligns with nitroglycerin's effect, critical in chest pain where stability is key, making A the finding needing swift response.
Question 4 of 5
While preparing an infusion of mannitol (Osmitrol), the nurse notices small crystals in the IV tubing. What is the most appropriate action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The presence of small crystals in the IV tubing indicates that the mannitol solution is not suitable for administration due to the risk of causing adverse effects to the patient. Discarding the solution and obtaining a new bag of medication is the most appropriate action to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the infusion. Infusing a solution with crystals can lead to complications such as embolism or tissue damage. It is important to always verify the integrity and clarity of IV solutions before administration to prevent potential harm to the patient.
Question 5 of 5
A 25-year-old woman with myoclonic seizures is well controlled on valproate. She indicates that she is interested in becoming pregnant in the next year. With respect to her antiepilepsy medication, which of the following should be considered?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Valproate controls myoclonic seizures but is teratogenic, linked to neural tube defects (e.g., spina bifida) and cognitive deficits in offspring, posing significant pregnancy risks. Switching to lamotrigine, effective for myoclonic seizures and safer (lower teratogenicity), is recommended preconception after titration. Continuing valproate unchanged ignores fetal harm. Adding another drug increases complexity without addressing valproate's risks. Lowering the dose may compromise seizure control. Lamotrigine's efficacy and better pregnancy safety profile, per guidelines, make it the best consideration.