ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The school nurse prepares a program for junior high school students on sun safety. Which information will the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sunscreen should provide protection against both UVA and UVB radiation and include SPF information (A). UVB radiation is most intense between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. (B). An SPF of at least 15 is recommended (D). Clouds do not block all radiation, so sunscreen is still needed on cloudy days (C is incorrect).
Question 2 of 5
A severely immunocompromised female patient requires a blood transfusion. To prevent GVHD, the physician will order:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Irradiation of donor blood is a standard practice to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in immunocompromised patients. Irradiation inactivates the donor's lymphocytes, preventing them from attacking the recipient's tissues. Diphenhydramine and acetaminophen are used to manage allergic reactions or fever but do not prevent GVHD. Administering the transfusion slowly does not address the risk of GVHD. Therefore, irradiation is the correct preventive measure.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following antiepileptic drugs is associated with visual field defects?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Antiepileptics vary in side effects. Valproate causes tremor or hepatotoxicity, not visual defects. Carbamazepine risks rash or hyponatremia, not eyes. Lamotrigine is linked to rash, tiagabine to dizziness, without visual impact. Vigabatrin, a GABA-transaminase inhibitor, causes irreversible concentric visual field defects in ~30-40% of users due to retinal toxicity, a unique and serious adverse effect. This necessitates ophthalmologic monitoring, distinguishing it in epilepsy treatment choices.
Question 4 of 5
Most β blockers:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Most beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol, metoprolol) have half-lives of 3-10 hours, a true statement reflecting their typical duration, useful for dosing frequency. They have a large, not small, volume of distribution due to tissue penetration, so that's false. Many have good oral bioavailability, not poor, especially non-selective ones. Lipid solubility varies (e.g., propranolol is high, atenolol low), but many cross the BBB, causing CNS effects, though not universally true. They're often metabolized, not excreted unchanged. The half-life range is a key pharmacokinetic feature, guiding their use in hypertension or angina.
Question 5 of 5
A client has been prescribed testosterone. Which medication education should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Testosterone patches require placement on hair-free skin to ensure proper adhesion and absorption, as hair can block drug delivery, reducing efficacy. Active areas like the thigh or arm are suitable if hairless and dry, contrary to avoidance claims-rotation across such sites is standard. Patches are changed daily, not weekly, for consistent hormone levels. Rash observation is key due to potential skin irritation, a common side effect. Hair-free placement is critical education, directly impacting bioavailability, unlike timing or site activity, which follow secondary guidelines, ensuring effective therapy for hypogonadism or related conditions.