The school nurse is aware that a student has requested aspirin three times during the past week because his back hurts. The nurse has noticed that he often wears long-sleeved sweaters and sweatshirts even in warm weather. The nurse suspects that the student may be the victim of physical abuse. The nurse is preparing to ask the child about his ongoing backache. Which of the following would the nurse anticipate being reported by the child if he was being abused?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because a victim of physical abuse may give a far-fetched explanation not logically connected to their injuries to protect their abuser or out of fear. In this scenario, the student requesting aspirin for back pain could potentially provide a vague or unrelated reason to explain the injuries if he is being abused. Choice A is incorrect because most victims of abuse are hesitant to report their abusers directly. Choice C is incorrect because it assumes the sister would give a similar explanation, which may not be the case. Choice D is incorrect because it presents a rationalization for abuse rather than a potential indicator of abuse. In summary, the correct answer, B, aligns with the behavior of abuse victims who may give inconsistent or illogical explanations to conceal the abuse.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "How much sleep do you usually get each night?" This question directly relates to circadian rhythms, which regulate the sleep-wake cycle and impact overall quality of life. Sleep patterns are influenced by circadian rhythms, and inadequate sleep can have negative effects on health. Choices B, C, and D do not directly address circadian rhythms or their impact on quality of life. B is related to cardiac issues, C to infections, and D to urinary problems. Therefore, A is the most relevant question to assess the effects of circadian rhythms on quality of life.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: The correct answer is A because there isn't enough empirical evidence to confirm the role of ethnicity and race in the prevalence of personality disorders. Step 2: Culture and ethnic background can influence the development of personality disorders, but current research is inconclusive. Step 3: Choice B is incorrect because it makes a generalized statement without providing evidence or sources to support it. Step 4: Choice C is incorrect because culture and ethnic background can indeed play a role in the development of personality disorders. Step 5: Choice D is incorrect because while genetic factors may contribute to personality disorders, cultural factors also play a significant role.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gabapentin. Gabapentin is a medication commonly used to treat neuropathic pain, which is often associated with chronic pain in older patients. It is considered a safer alternative to opioids due to its lower risk of addiction and overdose. Acetaminophen (B) is an over-the-counter pain reliever but may not be sufficient for chronic pain. Morphine (C) and Fentanyl (D) are opioids, which have a higher risk of side effects, addiction, and overdose compared to Gabapentin. Therefore, Gabapentin is the most suitable choice for managing chronic pain in older patients.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: alteration in attention. Delirium is characterized by acute onset and fluctuating course, leading to prominent deficits in attention. In contrast, dementia typically presents with gradual memory decline over months or years. Choices A and B are more indicative of dementia, as alterations developing over months and memory deficits are common in dementia. Choice D, no alteration in baseline, is not specific to either delirium or dementia, as both conditions can have alterations in baseline functioning.