ATI RN
NCLEX Questions Pediatric Infectious Diseases Questions
Question 1 of 5
The risks of hemorrhage in an infant with neonatal thrombocytopenia born to a mother with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) may be lessened by cesarean section and by treatment of the mother with
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Corticosteroids (C) reduce maternal ITP antibody production, lowering fetal risk, per obstetric management.
Question 2 of 5
The chest radiograph of primary pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) usually reveals
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: PPHN X-rays typically show normal lung fields (B), as it’s a vascular issue, per radiology.
Question 3 of 5
Metabolic acidosis defined as a reduced pH (<7.25) and bicarbonate concentration (<18 mEq/L) accompanied by a normal or low PCOâ‚‚ level. Of the following, the LAST line of therapy is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sodium bicarbonate (D) is the last resort in metabolic acidosis, after fluids (A), oxygen (B), and inotropes (C), per neonatal resuscitation.
Question 4 of 5
Nocardia infection is an acute, subacute, or chronic suppurative infection that primarily causes pulmonary disease in immunocompromised patients. The hallmark of Nocardia infection is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nocardia infections are characterized by remissions and exacerbations, especially in immunocompromised patients.
Question 5 of 5
A 1-year-old child experiences ascending paralysis with peripheral neuropathy (cranial nerves are normal); the CSF is normal except for an elevated protein level. The likely infectious agent precipitating this syndrome is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Campylobacter jejuni is a common trigger for Guillain-Barré syndrome, characterized by ascending paralysis and elevated CSF protein.