The ribs that attach to the thoracic vertebrae and directly to the sternum via costal cartilage are called ribs.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Vertebrosternal (true) ribs (pairs 1-7) attach to thoracic vertebrae and directly to the sternum via their own costal cartilage. Vertebral are floating, and vertebrochondral share cartilage, making 'vertebrosternal' correct (incomplete options assumed).

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The femur, the longest bone, forms the thigh, from hip to knee. The humerus is arm, tibia is shin, and ulna is forearm, making 'femur' correct.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A synarthrosis is an immovable joint (e.g., skull sutures). Diarthrosis is freely movable, amphiarthrosis is slightly movable, and osteoarthrosis is a condition, making 'synarthrosis' correct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The knee and elbow are hinge joints, allowing flexion/extension in one plane. Ball-and-socket is multi-directional, saddle is thumb-specific, and gliding is sliding, making 'hinge' correct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder attacking synovial joints, causing inflammation and damage. Osteoarthritis is wear-and-tear, osteoporosis is bone loss, and bursitis is bursa inflammation, making 'rheumatoid arthritis' correct.