Questions 9

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Fluid and Electrolytes ATI Questions

Question 1 of 5

The renin and angiotensin systems help to maintain the balance of sodium and water in the body. What other functions do these systems serve?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The renin and angiotensin systems help to maintain the balance of sodium and water in the body and maintain healthy blood volumes.

Question 2 of 5

Your patient has alcoholism, and you may suspect during your assessment that his serum magnesium is low. What will the nurse potentially expect to assess related to hypomagnesemia?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Signs and symptoms of hypomagnesemia are largely confined to the neuromuscular system and include confusion, tremor, tetany, laryngeal stridor, and ataxia.

Question 3 of 5

A 65-year-old male patient was admitted to a medical-surgical unit 72 hours ago with pyloric stenosis; a nasogastric tube was inserted upon admission and has been on low intermittent suction since then. The nurse taking care of the patient notices that his potassium is very low and becomes concerned that the patient may be at risk for:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Probably the most common cause of metabolic alkalosis is vomiting or gastric suction with loss of hydrogen and chloride ions. The disorder also occurs in pyloric stenosis in which only gastric fluid is lost. Vomiting, gastric suction, and pyloric stenosis all remove potassium and can cause hypokalemia.

Question 4 of 5

The nurse is caring for a patient who is diaphoretic from a fever. The amount of sodium excreted in the urine will:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Increased sweating (diaphoresis) leads to the loss of sodium and other electrolytes, resulting in higher sodium excretion in the urine.

Question 5 of 5

A patient's lab results show a slight decrease in potassium. The physician has declined to treat with drug therapy but has suggested increasing the potassium through diet. Which of the following would be a good source of potassium?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Bananas are high in potassium. Apples, carrots, and asparagus are not high in potassium.

Similar Questions

A patient's lab results show a slight decrease in potassium. The physician has declined to treat with drug therapy but has suggested increasing the potassium through diet. Which of the following would be a good source of potassium?
A patient who is in renal failure partially loses the ability to regulate changes in pH because the kidneys:
A patient who is hospitalized with a possible electrolyte imbalance is disoriented and weak, has an irregular pulse, and takes hydrochlorothiazide. He most likely suffers from:
A patient with diabetes insipidus is admitted to the intensive care unit after a motor vehicle accident that resulted in head trauma and damage to the pituitary gland. Diabetes insipidus can occur when there is a decreased production of which of the following?
Third spacing occurs when fluid moves out of the intravascular space but not into the intracellular space. Based upon this fluid shift, the nurse will expect the patient to demonstrate:

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