ATI RN
Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 1.1 Study Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The relationship between structure and function is best described as:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Structure determines function e.g., the heart's muscular walls (structure) enable pumping (function). Negative feedback regulates, not defines, this link. It's always relevant (C, D false). Anatomically, this principle is foundational: lung alveoli's thinness aids gas exchange, kidney tubules filter blood B captures this universal relationship.
Question 2 of 5
If an anatomist wanted to depict the structural relationship of the trachea, esophagus, neck muscles, and a vertebra within the neck, which body plane would be most appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A transverse plane cuts horizontally, showing trachea, esophagus, muscles, and vertebra in cross-section at neck level, unlike sagittal (A, E, left-right), coronal (B, front-back), or vague vertical. Anatomically, this reveals spatial relationships e.g., trachea anterior to vertebra ideal for imaging, confirming C.
Question 3 of 5
Give the proper sequence of body cavities or areas traversed as blood flows from the heart to the uterus through the aorta and the uterine artery:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Blood flows from heart (pericardial, mediastinal in thoracic) via aorta (mediastinal) to abdominal (descending aorta), then pelvic (uterine artery). Options A, C, D misorder or include pleural (lungs). Anatomically, this traces vascular path thoracic to pelvic matching circulation, confirming B.
Question 4 of 5
Acids are best considered to be:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acids are proton (Hâº) donors 's acid' definition, releasing H⺠in solution e.g., HCl. Bases accept Hâº, buffers stabilize pH, and proton acceptors misalign. Anatomically, this impacts pH balance e.g., lactic acid in muscles lowers pH crucial for cellular function, making B correct.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client about bone fractures. The nurse explains that the type of cells present in the bone matrix are referred to as:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Osteoblasts form bone matrix, depositing collagen and minerals, per options 5-8. Fibroblasts make connective tissue, chondroblasts cartilage, hemocytoblasts blood cells. Anatomically, osteoblasts build compact bone, essential for fracture healing, confirming A.