ATI RN
Exam Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The pulmonary ventilation rate for someone with tidal volume of 500 mL and a respiration rate of 14 bpm is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To calculate pulmonary ventilation rate, multiply tidal volume by respiration rate. In this case, 500 mL * 14 bpm = 7,000 mL/min. Converting to liters, it's 7 L/min. Choice A is incorrect as it miscalculates the conversion from mL to L, B is incorrect due to incorrect calculation, and D is incorrect as it's not the accurate result of the multiplication.
Question 2 of 5
The normal rate and depth of breathing is established by the ________ center(s).
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the Dorsal Respiratory Group (DRG) and Ventral Respiratory Group (VRG) are the centers in the brainstem responsible for controlling the rate and depth of breathing. The DRG primarily regulates inspiration, while the VRG is involved in both inspiration and expiration. The apneustic and pneumotaxic centers (choices A and B) are subregions within the pons that modulate the activity of the DRG and VRG but do not establish the baseline rate and depth of breathing. The expiratory center (choice D) is responsible for controlling only the expiratory phase of breathing and is not involved in setting the normal rate and depth of breathing.
Question 3 of 5
Inhibition of medulla oblongata chemoreceptors and respiratory muscles has what effect on respiratory rate, elimination of CO2 at alveoli, and arterial PCO2?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Inhibition of medulla oblongata chemoreceptors and respiratory muscles would decrease respiratory rate, leading to decreased elimination of CO2 at alveoli. This would cause an increase in arterial PCO2 due to less CO2 being removed from the body. Therefore, choice D is correct. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not align with the physiological effects of inhibiting the medulla oblongata chemoreceptors and respiratory muscles. Option A suggests an increase in respiratory rate and elimination of CO2, which goes against the expected decrease in these parameters. Option B proposes an increase in respiratory rate but a decrease in CO2 elimination and arterial PCO2, which is inconsistent with the expected outcomes. Option C suggests an increase in respiratory rate and CO2 elimination but a decrease in arterial PCO2, which does not follow the logic of the question.
Question 4 of 5
The collapse of lung is known as:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: atelectasis. Atelectasis refers to the collapse of a lung or a part of a lung, leading to incomplete expansion of air sacs. This can be caused by various factors such as blockage of the airways or compression of the lung tissue. Pleurisy (A) is inflammation of the pleura, the lining around the lungs. Pleural effusion (B) is the accumulation of fluid in the pleural space. Pneumothorax (D) is the presence of air in the pleural space, leading to lung collapse. Atelectasis specifically describes the collapse of the lung itself, making it the correct choice.
Question 5 of 5
The most important factor in determining the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The partial pressure of O2. Oxygen saturation of hemoglobin is directly related to the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood. As the partial pressure of O2 increases, more oxygen binds to hemoglobin, leading to higher oxygen saturation. Acidity (choice B) and the partial pressure of CO2 (choice C) can influence the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve, but they are not the primary factors determining oxygen saturation. Choice D is incomplete and not relevant to the question.