ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Multiple Choice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The pulmonary trunk and aorta are derived from which primitive heart structure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The truncus arteriosus (D) divides into the pulmonary trunk and aorta during development.
Question 2 of 5
The atrioventricular valves close preventing backflow of blood into:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The atrioventricular (AV) valves (mitral and tricuspid) close during ventricular systole to prevent backflow into the atria as the ventricles contract and empty. They open during diastole to allow atrial filling into the ventricles, making B correct.
Question 3 of 5
What is the formula for ventricular diastole duration (t_vd) in the cardiac cycle, given t_total = t_as + t_ad + t_vs + t_vd, where t_total is the total cycle time, t_as is atrial systole, t_ad is atrial diastole, and t_vs is ventricular systole?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Given t_total = t_as + t_ad + t_vs + t_vd, solving for t_vd: subtract all other phases from t_total. t_vd = t_total - (t_as + t_ad + t_vs). Option C, t_total - (t_as + t_vs), is correct, assuming t_ad is included in the total but not explicitly subtracted here.
Question 4 of 5
A client is admitted with a diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction (MI). The nurse knows that pain related to an MI is due to?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: MI pain results from insufficient oxygenation of cardiac muscle due to blocked coronary arteries, causing ischemia. Overload or imbalance may contribute to other conditions but not directly to MI pain.
Question 5 of 5
What is the primary consideration when preparing to administer thrombolytic therapy to a patient who is experiencing an acute myocardial infarction (MI)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Thrombolytic therapy effectiveness in acute MI depends on time since symptom onset (ideally within 6-12 hours), as it dissolves clots to restore blood flow. History (A), aspirin sensitivity (B), and MI specifics (C) are secondary to this time-sensitive factor.