The public health RN is engaging with a teen in his community who is concerned about how he will be able to stay part of his friend group when they are all vaping and your client does not want to take part but does not want to feel awkward. Using motivational interviewing techniques, the RN says to the client, 'I understand this concern. Please tell me more about this and how it feels awkward for you.' The RN's question is an example of:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Using open-ended questioning. The RN's question is open-ended, allowing the teen to express thoughts and feelings freely. This technique helps the client explore their concerns and motivations, fostering self-reflection and problem-solving. This approach aligns with motivational interviewing principles, aiming to evoke the client's own reasons for change. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect: A: Moving the teen to find a new friend group - This option involves a directive approach, which is contrary to motivational interviewing's collaborative and client-centered nature. B: Addressing the problem of teen awkwardness - While acknowledging the teen's feelings, this choice focuses on the issue rather than facilitating the client's exploration of their own perspective. C: Agreeing that awkwardness is hard - This choice reflects empathy, but it does not encourage the client to elaborate on their feelings and thoughts, limiting the depth of the conversation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because an online support group for cancer survivors represents a phenomenological community where individuals share similar lived experiences and perspectives related to cancer. This community is based on subjective interpretations and meanings attached to their shared experiences, fostering a sense of belonging and understanding among members. In contrast, choices A, B, and C are not phenomenological communities as they are based on geographical proximity (Greenwich Village senior center, NYC council district) or residential location (Gramercy Green residents), which do not necessarily imply shared lived experiences or subjective interpretations.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because directly asking the client about their reading level allows for self-assessment, which is crucial in understanding their actual ability. This approach respects client autonomy and provides an opportunity for open communication. Option B is incorrect as it focuses on health literacy rather than overall reading level. Option C is incorrect because completed years of education may not necessarily reflect reading ability accurately. Option D is incorrect as it assumes a standardized literacy tool can accurately capture an individual's reading level without considering personal context.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because a community of solution is a group focused on addressing a specific issue or problem, in this case, reducing teenage suicides. This group works together to find solutions and support individuals affected by this issue. Choice A is incorrect because it refers to a geographic community, not a community of solution. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on ethnic background, not a common goal or problem-solving. Choice D is incorrect as enjoying hiking is a shared interest, not a shared purpose of solving a particular issue.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Continuous community involvement. This is because sustainability in health programs relies on community ownership, participation, and engagement. Community involvement ensures program relevance, cultural appropriateness, and long-term commitment. Support from local government (B) is important but may fluctuate based on political changes. Availability of funding (C) is crucial but not sustainable if community support is lacking. Regular program evaluation (D) is essential for monitoring progress but doesn't guarantee sustainability without ongoing community engagement.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Interviewing community informants. This method is most effective for remote and vulnerable segments and underdeveloped opinions because informants have insider knowledge and can provide valuable insights. They can bridge communication gaps, build trust, and gather accurate data. Community forums (B) may not reach remote areas, focus groups (C) may not include diverse perspectives, and telephone surveys (D) may not be accessible to all community members. Overall, interviewing informants is the most personalized and reliable approach for obtaining data in these contexts.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Form partnerships with people in the community. As a community health nurse, forming partnerships is essential for community empowerment as it involves collaboration, sharing of resources, and building trust. This approach ensures that the community members are actively involved in decision-making processes, leading to sustainable improvements in health outcomes. Gathering data (A) is important, but forming partnerships is crucial for effective collaboration. Making decisions for people (B) goes against empowerment principles as it disempowers the community. Accepting responsibility for people's actions (D) is not the role of a nurse in community empowerment, as it focuses on supporting individuals to take responsibility for their own health.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Using open-ended questioning. The RN's question is open-ended, allowing the teen to express thoughts and feelings freely. This technique helps the client explore their concerns and motivations, fostering self-reflection and problem-solving. This approach aligns with motivational interviewing principles, aiming to evoke the client's own reasons for change. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect: A: Moving the teen to find a new friend group - This option involves a directive approach, which is contrary to motivational interviewing's collaborative and client-centered nature. B: Addressing the problem of teen awkwardness - While acknowledging the teen's feelings, this choice focuses on the issue rather than facilitating the client's exploration of their own perspective. C: Agreeing that awkwardness is hard - This choice reflects empathy, but it does not encourage the client to elaborate on their feelings and thoughts, limiting the depth of the conversation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 0 infant mortality rate for the year 2011. This is the best indicator of health status because it reflects the number of infants who died before their first birthday, which is a critical measure of the overall health and well-being of a community. A low infant mortality rate signifies access to quality healthcare, nutrition, and sanitation. Rationale: 1. Infant mortality rate directly reflects the health outcomes for the most vulnerable population. 2. A 0 infant mortality rate suggests effective healthcare interventions and a healthy environment for infants. 3. Crude death rate (A) doesn't specifically focus on infants and may not capture the overall health status. 4. Swaroop's index (B) is a measure of life expectancy and doesn't solely indicate health status. 5. Crude birth rate (D) is a measure of population growth and doesn't directly reflect health outcomes. Summary: Infant mortality rate is the best indicator as it directly reflects the health status