The public health nurse is working with a client who desires to move away from eating take-out and fatty foods to maintain a healthier lifestyle. The client mentions eliminating processed foods from her diet most days of the week but still struggles to consistently add fruits and vegetables to her meals. According to the Transtheoretical Model of health behavior change, this client is in which stage:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Preparation. In the Transtheoretical Model of health behavior change, the Preparation stage signifies that the individual is actively preparing to make a change within the next month. In this case, the client has already taken steps to eliminate processed foods most days of the week, indicating a readiness to change. However, the struggle to consistently add fruits and vegetables shows that the change is not fully implemented yet, placing the client in the Preparation stage. Choice A: Pre-contemplation is incorrect because the client is already taking action to change her eating habits. Choice B: Contemplation is incorrect as the client has moved past just thinking about changing her behavior. Choice D: Action is incorrect because the client has not fully implemented the desired change yet, but is actively preparing for it.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because by encouraging active participation and sharing personal examples, the facilitator helps attendees engage with the material, apply concepts to real-life situations, and deepen their understanding through experiential learning. This approach fosters a more interactive and dynamic learning environment, enhancing retention and application of knowledge. A is incorrect because the facilitator's aim is to enhance learning, not avoid preparation. B is incorrect as the primary focus is on facilitating learning, not just making participants feel appreciated. D is incorrect as while the facilitator may align with Freire's principles, the main rationale is to promote active participation and learning by doing.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it accurately describes the process of how a bill becomes a federal law. Initially, a bill is sent to the appropriate committee where it is discussed, researched, and expert testimonies are heard. This step allows for thorough examination and evaluation of the bill's content and implications. This committee review is essential in shaping the bill before it moves to the full legislative body for further debate and voting. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect: B: The bill is not first reviewed by the President in the legislative process. The President's involvement typically occurs at a later stage, after the bill has been passed by both houses of the legislature. C: Complete consensus in both houses of the legislature is not required for a bill to become a law. It needs a majority vote in each house. D: The President has the power to veto a bill, regardless of the level of support it receives in the Senate. The veto can be overridden by a two-thirds majority vote in

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bawang (garlic). Garlic has natural antibacterial properties that can help alleviate toothache caused by bacterial infection. When chewed or applied topically, garlic can reduce inflammation and pain. It is a common home remedy for toothaches. Summary of other choices: B: Lagundi - Lagundi is known for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, but it is more commonly used for respiratory issues, not toothaches. C: Sambong - Sambong is primarily used for its diuretic and anti-inflammatory properties, not typically for toothache relief. D: Tsaang gubat - Tsaang gubat is a medicinal plant used for stomach and digestive issues, not specifically for toothaches.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because a community of solution is a group focused on addressing a specific issue or problem, in this case, reducing teenage suicides. This group works together to find solutions and support individuals affected by this issue. Choice A is incorrect because it refers to a geographic community, not a community of solution. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on ethnic background, not a common goal or problem-solving. Choice D is incorrect as enjoying hiking is a shared interest, not a shared purpose of solving a particular issue.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Uterine atony. After birth, the uterus may not contract properly, leading to excessive bleeding known as postpartum hemorrhage. Uterine atony is the most common cause, as the uterus fails to remain contracted after delivery. This results in inadequate compression of blood vessels, leading to bleeding. Genital lacerations can cause bleeding but are less common than uterine atony. Abnormal clotting mechanisms and endometritis are less likely causes of immediate postpartum bleeding compared to uterine atony.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Option A is correct as it involves engaging in policy initiatives which are considered upstream interventions in public health. Upstream interventions target the root causes of health issues at a population level. Policy initiatives can lead to systemic changes that impact the health of entire communities. Options B, C, and D are more focused on individual or downstream interventions, which address health issues after they have already occurred and do not target the underlying causes on a larger scale.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vital statistics. Vital statistics provide information on births, deaths, and marriages which are crucial indicators of a community's health and population trends. This data aids the nurse in understanding the demographic characteristics and health needs of the community. Census tracts (A) provide geographical boundaries, not specific health data. National Health Survey data (C) focuses on health behaviors and conditions, not vital events. Needs assessment (D) involves identifying community health needs, not specifically births, deaths, and marriages.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Health education. This learning process focuses on improving health through knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Health education aims to empower individuals to make informed decisions for their well-being. Motivating (A) is about encouraging action, counseling (B) involves providing guidance and support, and disease prevention (C) targets specific strategies to reduce the risk of illnesses. In this context, health education encompasses a broader approach to promoting overall health and wellness.