The progression of a nerve impulse with the nodes of Ranvier is called:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Saltatory conduction is impulse jumping between nodes of Ranvier in myelinated axons, speeding transmission. Others are incorrect or vague.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Most organs receive dual innervation from both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS, with antagonistic effects (e.g., heart, lungs). CNS is not a division.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Sympathetic stimulation promotes glycogenolysis, spleen contraction, and adrenal catecholamine release (fight-or-flight), but reduces salivary secretion (dry mouth). Profuse salivation is parasympathetic.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Isoproterenol (isoproteranol) is a beta-adrenergic agonist, stimulating β receptors (e.g., heart, lungs). Methoxamine is α₁-specific, acetylcholine is cholinergic, atropine blocks muscarinic.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Atropine blocks parasympathetic muscarinic receptors, reducing vagal tone and increasing heart rate. Salivation and intestinal activity decrease, cardiac strength is unaffected.