ATI RN
Endocrine System MCQ Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The production and release of hormones caused by a chemical such as calcium is a mechanism.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Humoral mechanisms trigger hormone release via blood chemicals (e.g., high Ca²⺠stimulates calcitonin) substance-driven. Neural uses nerve signals (e.g., epinephrine). Sensory isn't endocrine external stimuli perception. Hormonal involves hormone-hormone control (e.g., TSH). Humoral response to calcium distinguishes it, key to ion-based regulation, unlike neural, sensory, or hormonal triggers.
Question 2 of 5
Identify the hormone that causes the development of the breast and milk production.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prolactin from anterior pituitary drives breast development and milk production lactogenic role. Oxytocin ejects milk, not produces. Estrogen aids breast growth but not milk synthesis. ADH manages water, unrelated. Prolactin's milk-producing action distinguishes it, critical for lactation, unlike ejection, growth, or water hormones.
Question 3 of 5
An exophthalmic goiter is a symptom of
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Graves disease (hyperthyroidism) causes exophthalmic goiter eye protrusion from excess T3/T4 stimulating orbital tissues. Hashimoto's (hypothyroidism) lacks this goiter possible but not exophthalmic. Myxedema is hypo-symptom, no bulging. Acromegaly affects bones, not eyes. Graves' hyperactive eye effect distinguishes it, key to its presentation, unlike hypo or unrelated conditions.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is NOT true of cortisol?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cortisol isn't a mineralocorticoid it's a glucocorticoid (adrenal cortex), managing stress, glucose via gluconeogenesis (protein breakdown), and fat metabolism (sparing glucose), plus anti-inflammatory effects. Mineralocorticoids (e.g., aldosterone) regulate electrolytes cortisol has minor overlap. Non-mineralocorticoid status distinguishes it, key to its metabolic role, unlike inflammation, protein, or fat truths.
Question 5 of 5
When blood glucose levels are low, the will increase the secretion of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Low blood glucose triggers pancreas to secrete glucagon, raising levels via liver glycogenolysis counterregulatory. Adrenal cortex aldosterone manages sodium, not glucose. Pancreatic insulin lowers glucose, opposite need. ADH (posterior pituitary) retains water, unrelated. Glucagon's pancreatic response distinguishes it, critical for hypoglycemia correction, unlike sodium, lowering, or water options.