ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The processes of chewing are referred to as _____.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: mastication. Mastication refers to the mechanical process of chewing food in the mouth using the teeth and jaws. This process breaks down food into smaller pieces, making it easier to swallow and digest. Churning (A) is the mixing of food with digestive enzymes in the stomach. Peristalsis (C) is the involuntary muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract. Deglutition (D) is the process of swallowing food. Mastication is the most appropriate term for the process of chewing specifically.
Question 2 of 5
Bile salts combine with fatty acids to form complexes called _____ that facilitate absorption.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: micelles. Bile salts emulsify fats in the small intestine, forming micelles that enhance the absorption of fatty acids. Chylomicrons (A) are large lipoprotein particles that transport dietary lipids, not complexes with bile salts. Globules (C) are not specifically related to bile salts and fatty acids. Lipoproteins (D) are also involved in lipid transport but are not the complexes formed by bile salts and fatty acids. Thus, choice B is the correct answer as it directly relates to the process of fat absorption facilitated by bile salts.
Question 3 of 5
Which of these is a function of the large intestine?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: water absorption. The large intestine's main function is to absorb water and electrolytes from the indigestible food residue that enters it from the small intestine. This process helps in the formation of solid feces. Nutrient absorption primarily occurs in the small intestine (A). Bile production is done by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, not in the large intestine (B). Enzyme secretion primarily occurs in the small intestine and other digestive organs, not in the large intestine (D). Therefore, C is the correct answer as it aligns with the main function of the large intestine.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client who has acute pancreatitis. The nurse should expect to find an elevation of which of following values?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Amylase. During acute pancreatitis, the pancreas becomes inflamed, leading to leakage of amylase into the bloodstream. Therefore, elevated levels of serum amylase are expected in clients with acute pancreatitis. A: Calcium levels may be decreased in acute pancreatitis due to fat necrosis and calcium binding to free fatty acids. B: RBC count is not typically affected in acute pancreatitis. C: Magnesium levels may be normal or slightly decreased, but it is not a consistent finding in acute pancreatitis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is interviewing a client who has acute pancreatitis. Which of the following factors should the nurse anticipate finding in the client's history?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gallstones. Acute pancreatitis is commonly caused by gallstones or alcohol consumption. Gallstones can block the pancreatic duct, leading to inflammation. Hypolipidemia, COPD, and diabetes mellitus are not directly associated with pancreatitis. This history finding helps the nurse identify the potential cause and plan appropriate care.