The process of ___________ is blowing air out of the body.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Expiration. During expiration, air is actively pushed out of the body to remove carbon dioxide and other waste gases. In contrast, A: Inhaling is the process of breathing air into the body. C: Inspiration involves breathing air into the lungs. D: Hypotension refers to low blood pressure and is unrelated to the process of blowing air out of the body. Therefore, the correct answer is B as it specifically relates to the process of exhaling air.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because cloudy urine after standing may indicate a urinary tract infection or the presence of proteins or blood. Amber-colored urine (A) is normal, indicating proper hydration. Transparent urine (B) is also normal and suggests adequate hydration. Strong odor in urine (C) can be due to diet but is not necessarily a cause for concern. In summary, only cloudy urine after standing (D) raises potential health issues and should be reported to the nurse.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tinea. Tinea is a type of fungal infection that affects the skin, hair, or nails. Fungal infections are caused by dermatophytes, which are a group of fungi that thrive on keratin. Tinea can manifest as ringworm, athlete's foot, or jock itch. Warts (B) are caused by the human papillomavirus, wheals (C) are raised, itchy welts caused by an allergic reaction, and vesicles (D) are fluid-filled lesions seen in conditions like herpes simplex virus infection. Tinea is the only option directly related to fungal infections.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tuberculosis. An AIIR is necessary for tuberculosis patients to prevent the spread of the infectious agent in the air. Tuberculosis is a highly contagious airborne disease transmitted through respiratory droplets. Emphysema, bronchitis, and bronchiectasis are not typically transmitted through the air and do not require isolation in an AIIR.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Some hearing loss occurs. As individuals age, it is common for the sensory cells in the inner ear to deteriorate, leading to gradual hearing loss. This is considered a normal age-related change due to natural wear and tear on the auditory system. Reflexes speeding up (choice A) is not a typical age-related change as reflexes tend to slow down with aging. The sense of taste intensifying (choice B) is not a normal age-related change; in fact, taste buds may decrease in number with age, affecting taste perception. Vision improving (choice D) is also unlikely with age as many older adults experience changes such as presbyopia and cataracts, leading to worsening vision.