ATI RN
Pediatric Research Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The procedure that has to be performed in order to shift thehigh pressure from the right ventricle to the left ventricle in Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA) is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Jatene procedure is a surgical technique used to correct Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA). In this procedure, the great arteries (aorta and pulmonary artery) are switched back to their correct positions. The aorta is connected to the left ventricle, and the pulmonary artery is connected to the right ventricle. This correction allows for oxygen-rich blood to flow from the left side of the heart to the body, and oxygen-poor blood to flow from the right side of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation. The Jatene procedure is preferred over other methods like the Rashkind procedure, Rastelli procedure, or pulmonary artery banding for this specific purpose of correcting the high-pressure circulation seen in TGA.
Question 2 of 5
A one month old infant is admitted for confirmation of the diagnosis of ventricular septal defect. During the initial admission assessment, the nurse would expect to find:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a congenital heart defect where there is an abnormal opening between the two ventricles of the heart. One of the hallmark signs of VSD is the presence of a murmur, specifically a holosystolic murmur, which is typically heard best at the left sternal border due to the turbulent blood flow through the defect. This murmur is a key finding during the initial assessment of a patient with a suspected VSD. Other common symptoms of VSD include poor feeding, failure to thrive, tachypnea, and frequent respiratory infections.
Question 3 of 5
Chemotherapeutic agents such as methotrexate and cyclophosphamide are sometimes used to treat JRA. Why are these medications used?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chemotherapeutic agents like methotrexate and cyclophosphamide are used to treat Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) because they work by suppressing the immune system. In JRA, the immune system is overactive and attacks the body's own tissues, leading to inflammation and joint damage. By suppressing immune system activity, these medications can help reduce inflammation and prevent further joint damage in patients with JRA.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old child who has been diagnosed with acquired hypothyroidism. The parents ask the nurse for information on the disorder. Which of the following should the nurse include in the information given to the parents?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acquired hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. In treating acquired hypothyroidism, the primary intervention is to provide thyroid hormone replacement therapy to supplement the body's low levels of thyroid hormone. This is typically done through medication, such as levothyroxine, which helps to restore normal thyroid hormone levels in the body. The replacement drug helps alleviate symptoms and prevent complications associated with hypothyroidism, ensuring the child's overall health and well-being.
Question 5 of 5
Orchitis and sterility in male result as serious complication of
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Orchitis refers to the inflammation of the testicles, which can occur as a complication of mumps infection in males. Mumps is a viral infection caused by the mumps virus, and one of the common complications of mumps in males is orchitis. Orchitis can lead to testicular damage and potentially result in sterility if both testicles are affected. It is essential for males to receive the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine to prevent mumps infection and its associated complications, including orchitis and sterility.