The primary objective of social marketing is to:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and health promotion, the primary objective of social marketing is to **change behavior**. This is because social marketing aims to influence individuals' attitudes and behaviors towards adopting healthier practices, such as medication adherence or lifestyle modifications for better health outcomes. By utilizing marketing principles to promote beneficial behaviors, social marketing campaigns can effectively encourage individuals to make positive changes in their health-related actions. Analyzing behavior (option B) is an important step in understanding the target audience and their current practices, but it is not the primary objective of social marketing. Planning behavior (option A) and limiting behavior (option C) are not aligned with the goal of social marketing, which is focused on promoting positive behavior change rather than restricting or imposing behaviors on individuals. From an educational perspective, understanding the primary objective of social marketing in the context of health promotion is crucial for healthcare professionals, including pharmacologists. By recognizing the role of social marketing in behavior change interventions, professionals can design more effective strategies to promote medication adherence, healthy lifestyle choices, and overall wellness among individuals and communities. This knowledge enhances the ability to develop targeted interventions that address specific health behaviors and contribute to improved patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In educating a community group about the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, the information included should be evidence-based and aimed at promoting health and preventing chronic diseases. The correct answer, "C) Make at least half of your grains whole grains," aligns with the guideline that emphasizes choosing whole grains over refined grains to increase fiber intake, improve digestion, and reduce the risk of diseases like heart disease and diabetes. Whole grains provide essential nutrients and have a lower glycemic index, promoting sustained energy levels. Option A, "Limit consumption of dairy products," is incorrect as the guidelines recommend consuming low-fat or fat-free dairy products as part of a balanced diet due to their calcium and vitamin D content, crucial for bone health. Option B, "Purchase organic fruits and vegetables," while a good choice for reducing pesticide exposure, is not a specific recommendation of the 2010 Dietary Guidelines and may not be accessible or affordable for all populations. Option D, "Consume fish on a daily basis," is incorrect as the guidelines suggest consuming fish at least twice a week, emphasizing the benefits of omega-3 fatty acids for heart health but not specifying daily consumption. Providing this educational context helps individuals make informed choices based on reliable information to improve their overall health and well-being.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: “If your family’s income is less than 185% above the federal poverty level, your child will qualify for free or reduced-price meals.” Rationale: This statement is correct because the eligibility criteria for free or reduced-price school meals are based on income levels relative to the federal poverty guidelines. The threshold of 185% above the poverty level is a common standard used to determine eligibility for these meal programs. Families with incomes below this threshold are eligible for either free or reduced-price meals for their children. Option A is incorrect because the specific income mentioned ($50,000) does not align with the federal poverty guidelines, which are the basis for determining eligibility for school meal programs. Option C is incorrect as the number of members in a household does not solely determine eligibility for free or reduced-price meals. It is primarily based on income levels relative to the poverty guidelines. Option D is incorrect because having an income above the federal poverty level does not automatically disqualify a child from receiving free or reduced-price meals. Eligibility is determined by the specific income thresholds set in relation to the poverty level. In an educational context, understanding the income eligibility requirements for school meal programs is crucial for school nurses, educators, and families to ensure that children receive the necessary nutrition to support their health and learning. By providing accurate information on eligibility criteria, school nurses can help families access essential resources for their children's well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this question, the individual at greatest risk for developing Type 2 diabetes is option A, the white, 50-year-old woman who is obese and had a second child that weighed 10 pounds at birth. This woman exhibits multiple risk factors for Type 2 diabetes, including obesity and a history of giving birth to a large baby, which are associated with insulin resistance and increased diabetes risk. Option B, the African American man who exercises regularly, is less likely to develop Type 2 diabetes due to his active lifestyle which helps in maintaining a healthy weight and managing blood sugar levels. Option C, the Hispanic woman with a healthy weight and a family history of diabetes, is at risk due to her family history, but her healthy weight reduces her risk compared to the obese individual in option A. Option D, the white, 75-year-old man with a history of prostate cancer and high triglycerides, is at risk for other health conditions but not specifically for Type 2 diabetes based on the information provided. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of recognizing risk factors for Type 2 diabetes, such as obesity and gestational diabetes history, in predicting and preventing the development of this chronic condition. Understanding these risk factors can inform healthcare professionals in providing targeted interventions and lifestyle modifications to individuals at higher risk for Type 2 diabetes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Obese. To provide a thorough educational rationale, we must consider the BMI (Body Mass Index) of the individual. A BMI of 32 falls within the obese category according to the World Health Organization classification. Educationally, understanding BMI and its significance is crucial in healthcare settings. BMI is a simple screening tool used to assess whether an individual is underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese based on their weight and height. It helps healthcare providers like nurses to identify potential health risks associated with weight status. Option A) Normal weight is incorrect as a BMI of 32 classifies the individual as obese, not within the normal weight range. Option B) Overweight is incorrect as well since a BMI of 32 falls into the obese category, indicating excess body weight. Option D) Morbidly obese is also incorrect as this classification is typically reserved for individuals with higher BMIs, indicating severe obesity with significant health implications. In conclusion, understanding BMI categories and their implications is essential for nurses to provide effective health promotion interventions, lifestyle modifications, and disease prevention strategies tailored to individuals based on their weight status.