ATI RN
Quiz Endocrine Reproductive System & Respiratory Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
The primary mechanism of action of the combined estrogen-progestin oral contraceptive pill is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary mechanism of action of the combined estrogen-progestin oral contraceptive pill is the suppression of FSH and LH release. Estrogen and progestin in the pill work together to inhibit the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland. By suppressing the release of FSH, the pill can prevent the development of a dominant follicle in the ovary. Without a dominant follicle, ovulation is less likely to occur. Additionally, the suppression of LH prevents the release of the mature egg from the ovary. Ultimately, by preventing ovulation, the combined pill effectively reduces the chances of fertilization and pregnancy.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following can act as a single dose postcoital contraceptive:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mifepristone, also known as RU-486, is a medication that can act as a single-dose postcoital contraceptive. It is an anti-progestational steroid that can disrupt implantation and early pregnancy by blocking the action of progesterone, an essential hormone for maintaining a pregnancy. Mifepristone is commonly used in combination with misoprostol for medical abortion but can also be used in a lower dose as a postcoital contraceptive option when taken within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse. In contrast, medications like Clomiphene citrate, Danazol, and Medroxyprogesterone acetate are not typically used as emergency contraceptives.
Question 3 of 5
Mifepristone possesses the following activities:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mifepristone, also known as RU-486, is a synthetic steroid that acts as a potent antiprogestin, meaning it blocks the activity of the hormone progesterone. Its antiprogestin activity is the basis for its use in medical abortion and as an emergency contraceptive. Additionally, mifepristone has weak androgenic activity, meaning it may have some effects similar to male sex hormones, such as testosterone. This combination of potent antiprogestin and weak androgenic activities is what distinguishes mifepristone's pharmacological profile.
Question 4 of 5
The 19-Norprogestins differ from progesterone derivatives in that they:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The 19-Norprogestins, compared to progesterone derivatives, have potent antiovulatory activity. This means they are highly effective in inhibiting ovulation, making them useful for contraception purposes. They work by suppressing the body's natural hormone production, thereby preventing egg release from the ovary. This fundamental difference sets them apart from progesterone derivatives, which do not exhibit such strong antiovulatory effects.
Question 5 of 5
The following is an orally active ovulation inducing agent:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clomiphene citrate is a selective estrogen receptor modulator that is commonly used to induce ovulation in women experiencing infertility due to anovulation. It works by blocking estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus, leading to an increase in production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). This results in the development and release of mature eggs from the ovaries, thereby promoting ovulation. Clomiphene citrate is an orally active medication, making it convenient and widely utilized in clinical practice for inducing ovulation.