ATI RN
Quiz Endocrine Reproductive System & Respiratory Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
The primary action of parathormone is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Parathormone, also known as parathyroid hormone (PTH), is a hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands. Its primary function is to regulate calcium and phosphate levels in the blood. One of the main actions of parathormone is to increase the resorption of calcium from the bone. This means that PTH stimulates the osteoclasts in bone tissue to break down bone matrix, releasing calcium into the bloodstream. This helps to increase the levels of calcium in the blood when they are low. The other functions of parathormone include increasing calcium reabsorption in the kidneys and promoting the formation of active vitamin D, which enhances calcium absorption in the intestines.
Question 2 of 5
Health benefits afforded by the combined estrogenprogestin oral contraceptive pill include the following except:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: While the combined estrogen-progestin oral contraceptive pill offers various health benefits, such as reducing menstrual blood loss, lowering the risk of fibrocystic breast disease, and decreasing the risk of endometrial carcinoma, it is important to note that it is associated with a slightly increased risk of myocardial infarction (heart attack) compared to non-users. This is particularly significant in women who have other risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as smoking, hypertension, diabetes, or obesity. Overall, the cardiovascular risks should be carefully evaluated and discussed with a healthcare provider before initiating the use of the combined oral contraceptive pill, especially in women with existing cardiovascular risk factors.
Question 3 of 5
The primary mechanism of action of the combined estrogen-progestin oral contraceptive pill is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary mechanism of action of the combined estrogen-progestin oral contraceptive pill is the suppression of FSH and LH release. Estrogen and progestin in the pill work together to inhibit the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland. By suppressing the release of FSH, the pill can prevent the development of a dominant follicle in the ovary. Without a dominant follicle, ovulation is less likely to occur. Additionally, the suppression of LH prevents the release of the mature egg from the ovary. Ultimately, by preventing ovulation, the combined pill effectively reduces the chances of fertilization and pregnancy.
Question 4 of 5
In which of the following forms of oral contraception, pills are taken continuously without interruption:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The form of oral contraception in which pills are taken continuously without interruption is known as the minipill. Unlike the combined pill, which contains both estrogen and progesterone, the minipill contains only progestin. It is taken daily without any breaks, making it a suitable option for individuals who prefer not to have a menstrual period or have certain medical conditions that may benefit from continuous hormonal contraception.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following can act as a single dose postcoital contraceptive:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mifepristone, also known as RU-486, is a medication that can act as a single-dose postcoital contraceptive. It is an anti-progestational steroid that can disrupt implantation and early pregnancy by blocking the action of progesterone, an essential hormone for maintaining a pregnancy. Mifepristone is commonly used in combination with misoprostol for medical abortion but can also be used in a lower dose as a postcoital contraceptive option when taken within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse. In contrast, medications like Clomiphene citrate, Danazol, and Medroxyprogesterone acetate are not typically used as emergency contraceptives.