ATI RN
Fundamentals Nursing Process Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The presence of anemia is characterized by a/an:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Anemia is a condition where there is a decrease in the concentration of red blood cells. 2. Red blood cells carry oxygen to the body's tissues, so a decrease in their concentration leads to reduced oxygen delivery. 3. This decrease in red blood cell concentration can be measured through a decrease in hematocrit levels. 4. Choices A and B are incorrect because anemia involves a decrease, not an increase, in red blood cells and hemoglobin. 5. Choice D is incorrect as it mentions "decreased blood count cells," which is not a specific term related to anemia. Summary: The correct answer is C because anemia is characterized by a decrease in the concentration of red blood cells, leading to reduced oxygen delivery, while the other choices are incorrect due to inaccuracies in describing anemia.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is an early sign of anemia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pallor. Pallor, which refers to paleness of the skin, is an early sign of anemia due to decreased red blood cell levels. Anemia causes reduced oxygen delivery to tissues, leading to paleness. Palpitations (A) may occur in anemia but are not an early sign. Glossitis (C) and weight loss (D) are not typically early signs of anemia and are more commonly associated with other health conditions.
Question 3 of 5
A client is admitted to the hospital with a bleeding ulcer and is to receive 4 units of packed cells. Which nursing intervention is of primary importance in the administration of blood?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Identifying the client is crucial for correct blood transfusion to avoid errors. Step 2: Client identification includes verifying name, date of birth, and unique identifiers. Step 3: Ensuring correct patient prevents transfusion reactions and improves patient safety. Step 4: Monitoring vital signs and flow rate are important but secondary to client identification. Step 5: Maintaining blood temperature is not a primary concern during blood transfusion.
Question 4 of 5
A 34 year old client is diagnosed with AIDS. His pharmacologic management includes zidovudine (AZT). During a home visit, the client states, “I don’t understand how this medication works. Will it stop the infection?” What is the nurse’s best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The nurse should explain that zidovudine (AZT) works by blocking reverse transcriptase, the enzyme necessary for HIV replication. This is the key mechanism of action for AZT in managing HIV. Choice A is incorrect because it provides a partial truth - it does slow the disease process but does not provide the mechanism of action. Choice C is incorrect as it provides incorrect information that there are no medications to stop or cure HIV, which is not true. Choice D is incorrect as it provides misleading information about the drug becoming immune to HIV, which is not the primary concern in this context.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is assessing a client with multiple myeloma. The nurse should keep in mind that clients with multiple myeloma are at risk for:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pathologic bone fractures. In multiple myeloma, there is an increase in osteoclast activity leading to bone destruction, making patients prone to pathologic fractures. Chronic liver failure (A), acute heart failure (C), and hypoxemia (D) are not directly associated with multiple myeloma pathophysiology. This highlights the importance of understanding the disease process to determine the correct answer.