ATI RN
Genetic Pediatric Questions
Question 1 of 5
The presence of an extra digit is referred to as:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Polydactyly is the term for extra digits.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following trisomy karyotypes has the mildest effect on human development?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 47,XXX (Triple X) has the mildest effects (often asymptomatic) compared to XXY (Klinefelter), +13 (Patau), +21 (Down).
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is not a recognized complication of cystic fibrosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: CF complications include infertility, diabetes, and cirrhosis, but not esophageal cancer.
Question 4 of 5
The risk for miscarriage associated with amniocentesis is approximately
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Amniocentesis carries a miscarriage risk of ~0.5-1% (1 in 100-200).
Question 5 of 5
A 35-year-old man who works at a facility processing highly radioactive substances accidentally receives a high, whole-body dose of ionizing radiation estimated to be 1500 rads (15 gray). He dies 1 week later. At autopsy, histologic examination of the skin shows scattered, individual epidermal cells with shrunken markedly eosinophilic cytoplasm and pyknotic, fragmented nuclei. These morphologic changes most likely indicate which of the following processes?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: High radiation induces apoptosis (programmed cell death), seen as shrunken, eosinophilic cells with fragmented nuclei.