ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The prenatal heart begins to pump blood in the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The prenatal heart begins to pump blood around the fourth week of embryonic development. This is when the primitive heart tube forms and starts rhythmic contractions, marking the beginning of circulation in the embryo. By the fifth week, the heart becomes more structured, but pumping begins earlier.
Question 2 of 5
A hormone that is significantly involved in regulation of blood volume is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) regulates blood volume by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys, increasing plasma volume. ACTH affects cortisol, and LH is reproductive; 'osmoretic hormone' is not a standard term.
Question 3 of 5
The accumulation of soft masses of fatty materials, particularly cholesterol, on the inside of the arterial wall is known as:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Atherosclerosis is the buildup of fatty plaques (e.g., cholesterol) in the arterial tunica intima, a subset of arteriosclerosis (general hardening). Ischemia is reduced blood flow, and phlebitis is vein inflammation.
Question 4 of 5
A client has a history of tricuspid stenosis, a narrowing of the tricuspid valve. The nurse knows that this valve prevents backflow of blood from the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The tricuspid valve is between the right atrium and right ventricle, preventing backflow into the atrium during ventricular contraction. Other options describe the pulmonic, mitral, and aortic valves, respectively. (Source: Document, p. 62, AV valves)
Question 5 of 5
The leukocyte that is not involved in phagocytosis but does secrete the anticoagulant heparin is the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Basophils release heparin (anticoagulant) and histamine but are not phagocytic. Monocytes and eosinophils phagocytose pathogens, and lymphocytes are involved in adaptive immunity, not heparin secretion.