The physician ordered a loading dose of medication for the patient; it is to be followed by a lower dose. When the patient receives the lower dose, she says to the nurse, 'I think my doctor made a mistake; my medication dose is too low.' What is the best response by the nurse?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A loading dose rapidly achieves therapeutic levels, followed by a lower maintenance dose, a standard approach explained clearly here. Half-life isn't shortened-it's about concentration. ‘Always' oversimplifies. Side effect reduction isn't the goal-efficacy is. The larger initial dose's purpose reassures the patient, aligning with pharmacokinetic principles for quick action.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Potassium chloride corrects hypokalemia but is caustic IV, risking phlebitis or tissue damage if it infiltrates. Monitoring the IV site prevents complications, a key precaution. Undiluted or rapid infusion causes burns or arrhythmias'standard is diluted, <10 mEq/hour. A syringe pump isn't required'IV pumps suffice. Site monitoring aligns with potassium's administration risks, critical in hypokalemia where cardiac effects (e.g., arrhythmias) are at stake, making C the nurse's priority to ensure safe delivery.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The high alert nursing implication for Morphine is to assess the level of consciousness, blood pressure, pulse, and respiration. Morphine is a potent opioid analgesic that can cause respiratory depression, sedation, and hypotension as side effects. Monitoring the patient's vital signs and neurological status is crucial to detect any signs of overdose or adverse reactions promptly. Maintaining vigilant observation of these parameters can help prevent serious complications and ensure the safe administration of Morphine.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol) is an opioid analgesic used for pain relief, but it is known to cause side effects. Tremors are not a common side effect associated with Meperidine. Diarrhea, sweating, and dizziness are commonly reported side effects of this medication. Tremors are more commonly associated with stimulant medications or conditions like anxiety or certain neurological disorders.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The fundamental action of vaccines is prophylaxis, which means the prevention of disease. Vaccines are designed to stimulate the body's immune system to recognize and fight specific pathogens before they cause infection or illness. By introducing a weakened or inactivated form of the pathogen to the body, vaccines trigger an immune response and teach the immune system how to recognize and destroy the pathogen in the future. Through prophylaxis, vaccines help protect individuals from getting sick with certain diseases.