ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Made Easy 4.0 The Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The physician has prescribed haloperidol (Haldol) for the patient with schizophrenia. What is the priority patient outcome?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Haloperidol treats schizophrenia's positive symptoms, but compliance is the priority outcome, as relapse follows non-adherence. Fluids/fiber manage side effects. Hallucination reduction depends on compliance. Restlessness signals issues, not a goal. B ensures treatment success, making it the priority.
Question 2 of 5
A 5-year-old boy is brought to his primary care physician by his parents who say that he often has trouble catching his breath when he has been playing hard outside. He is allergic to peanuts. At the moment, he is breathing fine. Which of the following drugs is commonly used to diagnose suspected asthma?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Suspected asthma in a child with exertional dyspnea requires diagnostic confirmation. Methacholine , a muscarinic agonist, provokes bronchoconstriction in asthmatics during a challenge test, confirming airway hyperresponsiveness. Albuterol is a bronchodilator for treatment, not diagnosis. Neostigmine , a cholinesterase inhibitor, is unrelated. Nicotine and Pilocarpine (E) are irrelevant. Methacholine's ability to induce reversible bronchospasm, measured by spirometry, distinguishes asthmatics from normals, making it standard for diagnosis when symptoms are intermittent, as here.
Question 3 of 5
What decreases the renin angiotensin aldosterone system?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ACE inhibitors decrease the renin angiotensin aldosterone system by blocking the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II. By inhibiting this enzyme, ACE inhibitors reduce the production of angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, and lower aldosterone secretion. This leads to vasodilation, decreased blood pressure, and reduced retention of sodium and water. Consequently, ACE inhibitors are commonly used in the management of hypertension, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease.
Question 4 of 5
Which statement about ARBs does the nurse identify as being true?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) are less likely to cause cough compared to ACE inhibitors. However, one of the notable adverse effects associated with ARBs is hyperkalemia. ARBs can lead to an increase in potassium levels in the blood more so than ACE inhibitors. Therefore, the nurse should recognize that hyperkalemia is more likely to occur with ARBs than when using ACE inhibitors.
Question 5 of 5
The home care nurse is caring for a patient newly prescribed a nonselective beta-blocking agent. What would the nurse include in the teaching plan related to this drug? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients should be taught to change position slowly, avoid driving or operating hazardous machinery, and to pace activities as a result of potential dizziness from orthostatic hypotension in order to avoid injury. Patients should take medicine with meals when possible. Drug is more likely to decrease libido than increase it. Activity levels should be paced and care should be taken not to overdo. The nurse should provide comprehensive patient education to ensure safe and effective use of the medication.