ATI RN
Immune System Medication Questions
Question 1 of 5
The physician has decided to prescribe T- and B-cell suppressors for a patient diagnosed with psoriasis. What drug will be ordered for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Alefacept (Amevive). Alefacept is a biologic drug that specifically targets T-cells, which play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. By suppressing T-cell activity, Alefacept helps to reduce the inflammation and proliferation of skin cells seen in psoriasis. Additionally, Alefacept does not impact B-cell function, making it a suitable choice for this patient. Choice B (Azathioprine) is incorrect because it primarily acts on B-cells and is not as effective in targeting T-cells involved in psoriasis. Choice C (Cyclosporine) is incorrect as it is a calcineurin inhibitor that suppresses T-cell activity but also affects B-cells. Choice D (Glatiramer acetate) is incorrect as it is used to treat multiple sclerosis by modulating the immune response but does not specifically target T-cells involved in psoriasis.
Question 2 of 5
While studying for a pharmacology test, a student asks his peers about interferons. What statement about interferons is accurate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Interferons are proteins released by cells in response to viral infections. Choice D is correct because interferons interfere with viral replication within infected cells by activating antiviral proteins. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because interferons do not stimulate B-lymphocyte activity, interfere with stem cell multiplication, or stimulate growth and differentiation of lymphocytes. Interferons primarily function as part of the innate immune response to combat viral infections.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has just been told that her cancer has metastasized to her right kidney. An interferon (Aldesleukin) has been prescribed to treat this metastasis. The patient asks why this interferon is ordered. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: It activates human cellular immunity and inhibits tumor growth. Rationale: 1. Interferon (Aldesleukin) is known to activate the immune system, particularly cellular immunity. 2. By activating cellular immunity, interferon helps the body to recognize and attack tumor cells, inhibiting tumor growth. 3. This mechanism is crucial in fighting metastatic cancer, such as in the patient's case. 4. The other options are incorrect because interferon does not protect autologous tumor cells (A), enhance allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (C), or have a direct proliferative effect on renal tumors (D).
Question 4 of 5
The nursing class is studying monoclonal antibodies. What monoclonal antibody reacts to human T cells, disabling them and acting as an immune suppressor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Muromonab-CD3. This monoclonal antibody specifically targets and reacts with human T cells, disabling them and acting as an immune suppressor. Muromonab-CD3 is used in conditions where T cells need to be suppressed, such as in transplant rejection. A: Adalimumab targets tumor necrosis factor-alpha, not T cells. B: Cetuximab targets epidermal growth factor receptor, not T cells. C: Rituximab targets CD20 antigen on B cells, not T cells.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with an allograft transplant. The physician orders a monoclonal antibody to prevent rejection of the transplant. What monoclonal antibody would the nurse expect to be ordered?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Daclizumab. Daclizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets IL-2 receptors on T cells, preventing their activation and proliferation, thus reducing the risk of transplant rejection. Alemtuzumab (A) targets CD52 on T and B cells for leukemia treatment. Erlotinib (C) is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor for cancer. Omalizumab (D) targets IgE for allergic asthma.