ATI RN
Immune System Medication Questions
Question 1 of 5
The physician has decided to prescribe T- and B-cell suppressors for a patient diagnosed with psoriasis. What drug will be ordered for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Alefacept (Amevive). Alefacept targets T cells by binding to CD2 and inhibiting their activation. This helps suppress both T- and B-cell activity, making it an effective treatment for psoriasis. Azathioprine (B) primarily targets T cells by inhibiting their proliferation but doesn't directly suppress B cells. Cyclosporine (C) targets T cells by inhibiting their activation but doesn't specifically target B cells. Glatiramer acetate (D) is used for multiple sclerosis and doesn't suppress T- and B-cells as required for psoriasis treatment.
Question 2 of 5
While studying for a pharmacology test, a student asks his peers about interferons. What statement about interferons is accurate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Interferons interfere with the ability of viruses in infected cells to replicate. Interferons are proteins produced by cells in response to viral infections. They signal nearby cells to heighten their anti-viral defenses, inhibiting viral replication. Choice A is incorrect because interferons primarily affect viral infections, not B-lymphocyte activity. Choice B is incorrect as interferons do not target stem cells. Choice C is incorrect as interferons do not stimulate the growth and differentiation of lymphoid cells into lymphocytes; rather, they directly inhibit viral replication.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has just been told that her cancer has metastasized to her right kidney. An interferon (Aldesleukin) has been prescribed to treat this metastasis. The patient asks why this interferon is ordered. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: It activates human cellular immunity and inhibits tumor growth. Interferon (Aldesleukin) is a type of immunotherapy that works by activating the body's immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells. In this case, the interferon is prescribed to treat the metastasis to the right kidney by boosting the patient's immune response against the tumor cells. Autologous tumor cells (choice A) are the patient's own cancer cells and interferon does not protect them. Allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (choice C) involves using donor stem cells and is not related to the mechanism of action of interferon. Interferon does not have a direct proliferative effect on renal tumors (choice D), rather it inhibits tumor growth by enhancing the body's immune response.
Question 4 of 5
The nursing class is studying monoclonal antibodies. What monoclonal antibody reacts to human T cells, disabling them and acting as an immune suppressor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Muromonab-CD3. This monoclonal antibody reacts to human T cells by binding to the CD3 receptor, which disables the T cells and acts as an immune suppressor. Muromonab-CD3 is specifically designed to target T cells and is used in conditions where T cell activity needs to be suppressed, such as in transplant rejection. A: Adalimumab targets TNF-alpha and is used in autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. B: Cetuximab targets EGFR and is used in cancer treatment. C: Rituximab targets CD20 on B cells and is used in conditions like lymphoma and rheumatoid arthritis. Muromonab-CD3 is the correct answer because of its specific mechanism of action on T cells, distinguishing it from the other choices that target different cell types or pathways.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with an allograft transplant. The physician orders a monoclonal antibody to prevent rejection of the transplant. What monoclonal antibody would the nurse expect to be ordered?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Identify the purpose - Monoclonal antibody for preventing transplant rejection. Step 2: Recall specific monoclonal antibodies used in transplants - Daclizumab is commonly used for this purpose. Step 3: Understand mechanism - Daclizumab targets IL-2 receptor on T-cells, inhibiting activation and preventing rejection. Step 4: Rule out other options - Alemtuzumab is used for leukemia, Erlotinib for cancer, and Omalizumab for asthma, not transplant rejection. Summary: Daclizumab is the correct choice as it specifically targets T-cell activation, unlike the other options meant for different conditions.