The PHN bag is an important tool in providing nursing care during a home visit. The most important principle in bag technique states that it;

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Should minimize if not totally prevent the spread of infection." The bag technique is crucial in maintaining asepsis during home visits. By ensuring that the items in the bag are sterile and using proper techniques to prevent contamination, the spread of infection can be minimized or prevented. This is essential to protect both the patient and the nurse. The other choices are incorrect because saving time and effort (A) should not compromise infection control, overshadowing concern for the patient and family (C) is not related to infection prevention, and using different techniques depending on the situation (D) may lead to inconsistent infection control practices.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: A is correct because conducting assessments helps in early detection and containment of communicable diseases. It is crucial for epidemiologic surveillance. B is incorrect as it focuses on investigation, not nursing role. C is about health promotion, not directly related to epidemiologic function. D is an incomplete choice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because person-to-person propagated epidemics typically involve a gradual build-up of cases before becoming easily noticeable. Initially, there may be only a few cases, but as the disease spreads from person to person, the number of cases increases over time, leading to a noticeable epidemic. This gradual increase allows for early detection and intervention. Choice A is incorrect because the number of cases being more than expected does not specifically relate to person-to-person propagation. Choice B is incorrect as person-to-person transmission does not necessarily involve a vector. Choice C is incorrect because a common vehicle refers to a single source of infection, not the spread between individuals.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cyclical variation. This is because the pattern of Dengue fever cases increasing towards the end of the rainy season suggests a recurring cycle or pattern over time. Epidemic occurrence (A) refers to a sudden and widespread increase in cases, which is not supported by the gradual increase described. Sporadic occurrence (C) refers to isolated cases with no clear pattern, which contradicts the described seasonal increase. Secular occurrence (D) refers to long-term trends over decades, which is not applicable to the short-term seasonal pattern described. Thus, the best description is cyclical variation due to the predictable increase in cases towards the end of the rainy season.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A (99.06:100). To calculate the sex ratio, we need to divide the number of males by the number of females, which gives us 35,299,000 / 34,968,000 = 1.0094. This ratio can be expressed as a percentage by multiplying by 100, giving us 100.94%. Therefore, the sex ratio is 100.94 males for every 100 females, which can be simplified to 99.06:100. Summary: B: 100.94:100 - Incorrect, this is the correct ratio but in reverse order. C: 50.23% - Incorrect, this is not the sex ratio. D: 49.76% - Incorrect, this is not the sex ratio.