ATI RN
Immune System Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
The pharmacology instructor is explaining interleukins to the class. What would be the best definition of interleukins?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Interleukins are signaling proteins that mediate communication between leukocytes to regulate immune responses. Choice C accurately describes interleukins' function in stimulating immunity through leukocyte interactions. Choice A is incorrect because interleukins are not produced in response to viral invasion specifically. Choice B is incorrect as interleukins generally regulate and amplify inflammatory responses instead of blocking them. Choice D is incorrect because while interleukins do bind to specific receptors, they are involved in a broader range of immune responses beyond very specific situations.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with chronic hepatitis C has been prescribed peginterferon alfa 2b (PEG-INTRON). By what route would the nurse administer this drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct route for administering peginterferon alfa 2b (PEG-INTRON) is subcutaneously (SQ). This route ensures slow and sustained absorption, maintaining stable drug levels. Administering IM could lead to erratic absorption. Intralesional administration is localized and not suitable for systemic effects. Orally, the drug would be destroyed by the digestive system, rendering it ineffective. SQ is the most appropriate route for PEG-INTRON to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes.
Question 3 of 5
A 72-year-old male patient has arrived at the outpatient unit to receive an infusion of alemtuzumab (Compath). The patient tells the nurse this is the second time his chronic lymphocytic leukemia has relapsed and the second time he will receive this drug because he failed alemtuzumab therapy after being treated with an alkylating agent. What is the nurse's priority action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Calling the physician and questioning the order. This is the priority action because the patient has already failed alemtuzumab therapy after being treated with an alkylating agent, indicating a history of drug resistance or potential adverse reactions. It is crucial to confirm the appropriateness of the current treatment plan to ensure patient safety and prevent any possible harm. Choice B, washing hands, is important for infection control but is not the priority in this scenario. Choice C, beginning an intravenous infusion, should not be done without confirming the order first. Choice D, canceling the infusion, is not appropriate without consulting the physician first. Overall, prioritizing patient safety and effective communication with the healthcare team is key in this situation.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing a patient to receive immunosuppressant drugs on an outpatient basis. What is the priority for the nurse to arrange for this patient in the home environment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for correct answer (C): Providing supportive care and comfort measures is the priority for the nurse preparing a patient for immunosuppressant drugs at home. This is crucial to monitor the patient's well-being, manage side effects, and ensure the patient's comfort during treatment. Supportive care includes monitoring vital signs, managing symptoms, and addressing any concerns the patient may have, which are essential for the patient's safety and well-being. Summary of incorrect choices: A: A caregiver skilled in CPR is important but not the priority. CPR may be needed in emergencies, but ensuring ongoing supportive care and comfort measures take precedence. B: Adequate nutrition is important for overall health but not the immediate priority when preparing a patient for immunosuppressant drugs. D: Having a home care nurse administer injections may be helpful, but it is not the priority. Providing supportive care and comfort measures can be managed by the patient themselves or the caregiver.
Question 5 of 5
The patient underwent an allograft renal transplant 48 hours earlier and is showing signs of rejection. What drug would the nurse expect the physician to order?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Muromonab. Muromonab is a monoclonal antibody that targets T cells, suppressing the immune response and preventing rejection in organ transplant patients. It is used for acute rejection episodes. B: Anakinra is an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist used for autoimmune diseases, not transplant rejection. C: Mycophenolate is an immunosuppressive drug used for maintenance therapy in transplant patients but not for acute rejection. D: Sirolimus is an mTOR inhibitor used for maintenance immunosuppression, not for acute rejection.