The pediatric nurse prepares a patient, who is newly paralyzed, for discharge. The patient will require home care, ancillary therapies, complex medication regimens, and would benefit from a peer support group. To ensure adequate preparation for discharge and transition to home life, the nurse will:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) ask the social worker or case manager to organize a care conference. This option is correct because organizing a care conference involving all necessary stakeholders, including the patient, family members, healthcare providers, and social workers, ensures a comprehensive and coordinated discharge plan. This multidisciplinary approach helps address the patient's complex needs, such as home care, ancillary therapies, medication management, and psychosocial support through a peer group. Option B) assess the family for transportation needs is incorrect because while transportation is important, it is not the priority when preparing a newly paralyzed patient for discharge. The focus should be on comprehensive care planning and support services. Option C) call the medical supply company to ensure delivery of home care equipment is also incorrect as it addresses only one aspect of the patient's needs. While important, it does not encompass the holistic approach required for a successful transition to home care. Option D) contact the patient's school to ensure its readiness to accommodate the patient is irrelevant in this context as the question pertains to discharge planning for a patient requiring home care, not school reintegration. In an educational context, understanding the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to discharge planning is crucial for pediatric nurses. It highlights the need for collaboration, coordination, and comprehensive assessment to address the diverse needs of pediatric patients with complex care requirements. This rationale emphasizes the significance of a holistic approach to patient care in the transition from hospital to home settings.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In pediatric nursing, understanding speech development milestones is crucial for assessing a child's growth and development. In this question, the correct answer is C) 5 years old. By age 5, children typically demonstrate the ability to engage in conversational give-and-take through sentence sequences. This milestone signifies the development of more complex language skills and the ability to participate in meaningful dialogues. Option A) 3 years old is incorrect because at this age, children are usually still mastering basic vocabulary and simple sentence structures. They may engage in parallel play but are not yet fully adept at conversational exchanges. Option B) 4 years old is incorrect as well because while children at this age show progress in language development, they may still struggle with maintaining extended conversations or understanding more nuanced language cues. Option D) 6 years old is incorrect because by this age, children should have already achieved the ability to engage in conversational give-and-take. Waiting until 6 years old to reach this milestone would indicate a potential delay in speech development that may warrant further assessment and intervention. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding typical speech development milestones in children. Nurses and healthcare providers need to be able to recognize when a child may be experiencing delays in speech production to provide appropriate support and intervention. By knowing the expected age ranges for different speech milestones, healthcare professionals can better assess and address any potential concerns in a child's development.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of older school-age children participating in competitive sports, a careful evaluation of the cardiovascular system is crucial. This is because engaging in strenuous physical activity places significant demands on the heart and circulatory system. A thorough assessment can help identify any underlying cardiac issues that could pose risks during intense physical exertion. Option A, vision, while important for overall health and performance in sports, is not the primary concern when evaluating older school-age children for participation in competitive sports. Similarly, option B, hearing, although relevant in certain sports contexts for communication and safety, is not as critical as assessing the cardiovascular system. Option C, sexual maturity, is not directly related to the immediate concerns of participating in competitive sports. While monitoring growth and development is important in pediatric care, it is not the most pertinent consideration when evaluating readiness for intense physical activity. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of conducting comprehensive assessments tailored to the specific needs and risks associated with different activities. It underscores the significance of considering physiological factors, such as cardiovascular health, in ensuring the safety and well-being of children engaging in competitive sports. By understanding the rationale behind this evaluation, healthcare providers and educators can better support young athletes in optimizing their performance and minimizing potential health risks.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) visual-motor coordination. Building a tower by a 22-month-old child involves the ability to coordinate visual input with motor skills to stack blocks or objects on top of each other. This skill requires the child to visually perceive the size and shape of the blocks, plan the movement needed to pick them up, and then execute the action of placing them one on top of the other. Option B) is incorrect because it only mentions using visual and motor skills in combination without specifically addressing the coordination aspect required for building a tower. Option C) is incorrect as it refers to gross and fine motor coordination, which are more related to activities like running or drawing, rather than stacking blocks. Option D) is incorrect as symbolic thought involves the ability to understand symbols or representational thinking, which is not directly related to the physical action of building a tower. In an educational context, understanding the developmental milestones related to visual-motor coordination in young children is crucial for educators and caregivers. By recognizing and supporting the development of these skills, adults can provide appropriate activities and materials to help children enhance their coordination abilities, setting a strong foundation for future cognitive and physical development.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) 83%. The sensitivity of a test measures its ability to correctly identify those with the disease. Sensitivity is calculated by the number of true positive results divided by the sum of true positive and false negative results. In this case, there are 83 positive tests out of 100 truly infected persons, giving a sensitivity of 83%. Option A) 17% is incorrect because it represents the percentage of false negative results, which is not provided in the question. Option B) 55% and C) 60% are also incorrect as they do not align with the given data on the number of positive tests out of truly infected persons. From an educational perspective, understanding test sensitivity is crucial in healthcare to assess the accuracy of diagnostic tools. It helps healthcare professionals determine the reliability of a test in identifying individuals with a specific condition. This knowledge is vital for making informed clinical decisions and providing appropriate care to patients.