The patient's medical record can work as a double edged sword. When can the medical record become the doctor's/nurse's worst enemy?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because an inaccurate, incomplete, and inadequate medical record can lead to errors in patient care, misdiagnosis, incorrect treatment, and legal consequences. Inaccurate information can harm the patient and jeopardize the healthcare provider's credibility. An incomplete record may result in crucial details being missed, impacting decision-making. An inadequate record fails to provide a comprehensive picture of the patient's health history, leading to suboptimal care. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because a voluminous record, subpoenaed record, or missing record can be managed or addressed without directly causing harm to the patient or healthcare provider.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why option D is correct: 1. In an asthmatic attack, leaning forward helps to open up the airways. 2. Leaning forward at 30-40 degrees assists in improving airflow during exhalation. 3. This position also helps to reduce the pressure on the diaphragm, making breathing easier. 4. It promotes better oxygen exchange and reduces the feeling of breathlessness. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: A. Sitting in high-Fowler's position with extended legs does not facilitate optimal airflow during an asthmatic attack. B. Sitting up with shoulders back may not provide the necessary support for breathing during an asthmatic attack. C. Pushing on the abdomen during exhalation does not directly address the airway obstruction that occurs in an asthmatic attack.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. In the operating room (OR), the team typically consists of the surgeon, assistants, scrub nurse, circulating nurse, and anesthesiologist. 1. Surgeon: Leads the surgical team and performs the procedure. 2. Assistants: Assist the surgeon during the procedure. 3. Scrub nurse: Provides sterile instruments and supplies to the surgical team. 4. Circulating nurse: Manages the overall OR environment, including infection control. 5. Anesthesiologist: Administers anesthesia and monitors the patient's vital signs. Other choices are incorrect: A: Includes a radiologist and an orderly, who are not typically part of the surgical team in the OR. C: Includes a pathologist, who is not usually present during surgery. D: Includes an intern, who may not have a defined role in the surgical team.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Representativeness. This is because a sample must accurately reflect the characteristics of the population it represents to ensure the generalizability of the findings. Randomization (choice A) helps reduce bias, appropriate location (choice B) is irrelevant, and appropriate number (choice C) is important but not as crucial as representativeness for ensuring the validity of the sample.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Monitor vital signs every 2 hours. This is important in assessing the client's condition post-gastrointestinal bleeding, as vital signs can indicate changes in the client's health status. Monitoring every 2 hours allows for timely detection of any complications or deterioration. A: Planning for 8 hours of uninterrupted sleep is important, but monitoring vital signs takes precedence in this situation. C: Ensuring the client takes food and medications as prescribed is important for recovery, but monitoring vital signs is more immediate for detecting complications. D: Providing milk every 2-3 hours is not indicated post-gastrointestinal bleeding and could potentially worsen the client's condition.