ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The patient is being discharged home with furosemide (Lasix). When providing discharge teaching, which instruction will the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When providing discharge teaching for a patient being discharged with furosemide (Lasix), it is essential to include instructions for monitoring weight. Weight changes can indicate fluid retention or loss, which is crucial in managing heart failure or other conditions where furosemide is prescribed. Instructing the patient to weigh themselves once a week and report a gain or loss of more than 1 lb (or as directed by their healthcare provider) helps to assess the effectiveness of the medication and detect any potential issues early on. This proactive approach can assist in preventing complications and optimizing the therapeutic benefits of furosemide.
Question 2 of 5
While preparing an infusion of mannitol (Osmitrol), the nurse notices small crystals in the IV tubing. What is the most appropriate action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The presence of small crystals in the IV tubing indicates that the mannitol solution is not suitable for administration due to the risk of causing adverse effects to the patient. Discarding the solution and obtaining a new bag of medication is the most appropriate action to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the infusion. Infusing a solution with crystals can lead to complications such as embolism or tissue damage. It is important to always verify the integrity and clarity of IV solutions before administration to prevent potential harm to the patient.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with elevated lipid levels has a new prescription for nicotinic acid (niacin). The nurse informs the patient that which adverse effects may occur with this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nicotinic acid, also known as niacin, is commonly associated with adverse effects of pruritus (itching) and cutaneous flushing (reddening of the skin). These effects are often dose-related and can be minimized if the medication is taken with food or slowly titrated up. Tinnitus and urine with a burnt odor are not typically associated with nicotinic acid. Myalgia (muscle pain) and fatigue are more commonly seen with statin medications rather than niacin. Blurred vision and headaches are not commonly reported side effects of nicotinic acid either.
Question 4 of 5
What is the Therapeutic Effects of Lithium?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lithium is commonly used as a mood stabilizer in the treatment of bipolar disorder. One of its main therapeutic effects is its ability to prevent or decrease the incidence of acute manic episodes in individuals with bipolar disorder. Lithium can help stabilize mood swings and reduce the severity and frequency of manic episodes. By regulating neurotransmitter levels in the brain, lithium helps to balance mood and prevent the extreme highs associated with mania. It is an essential medication for managing bipolar disorder and is particularly effective in treating manic symptoms.
Question 5 of 5
A male patient with blood type AB, Rh factor positive needs a blood transfusion. The Transfusion Service (blood bank) sends type O, Rh factor negative blood to the unit for the nurse to infuse into this patient. The nurse knows that:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this case, the blood type of the donor (type O, Rh-negative) is not compatible with the blood type of the patient (type AB, Rh-positive). Blood type AB individuals can receive blood from all blood types (universal recipient), but they can only donate to individuals with the same blood type. Therefore, if a patient with blood type AB receives a transfusion of type O blood, it will lead to a major incompatibility reaction, possibly resulting in serious complications such as hemolysis (destruction of red blood cells), renal failure, and even death. It is crucial for the nurse to verify the blood type of the patient and ensure that the correct blood type is provided to prevent such adverse reactions.