ATI RN
Basic Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The patient has questions about counterfeit drugs. Which factors alert the patient or nurse that a drug is counterfeit or adulterated? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Variations in packaging. Counterfeit drugs often have packaging that differs from the authentic product, such as misspelled labels or different colors. This alerts the patient or nurse to the possibility of counterfeit drugs. B: Unexpected side effects are not a reliable indicator of counterfeit drugs since legitimate drugs can also cause unexpected reactions. C: Oral drugs being dissolved through pinocytosis is a normal physiological process and not indicative of counterfeit drugs. D: Privacy of health information is unrelated to identifying counterfeit drugs.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is meeting with a community group about medication safety. The nurse must emphasize that patients at high risk for drug interactions include which groups? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A (Older patients) because elderly individuals tend to have multiple comorbidities and are more likely to be prescribed multiple medications, increasing the risk of drug interactions. Older patients also tend to have age-related physiological changes that can affect drug metabolism. Choice B (Patients with chronic health conditions) is not necessarily always at high risk for drug interactions, as it depends on the specific medications they are taking and their individual health status. Choice C (Patients taking three or more drugs) is not always a high-risk group, as drug interactions can occur even with fewer medications based on the specific drugs being taken and individual patient factors. Choice D (Patients dealing with only one pharmacy) is not directly related to the risk of drug interactions, as the number of pharmacies used by a patient does not necessarily correlate with the risk of drug interactions.
Question 3 of 5
Codeine is an example of a(n) as the cytochrome P450 system metabolizes the drug to facilitate receptor affinity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Codeine is a prodrug because it is metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system into its active form, morphine, which has the desired receptor affinity. This step is essential for codeine to exert its analgesic effects. Agonist (A) directly activates receptors, antagonist (C) blocks receptor activity, and "none" (D) is not applicable in this context.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse discovers that a patient has recently decided to take four herbal preparations. Which action will the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Option B is correct because the nurse should prioritize patient safety by ensuring the healthcare provider is informed of all products taken to prevent potential interactions. 2. Option A is incorrect as discussing cost is not the priority when patient safety is at risk. 3. Option C is incorrect as abruptly stopping all herbal products can lead to adverse effects without healthcare provider guidance. 4. Option D is incorrect as tapering off herbal products should also be done under healthcare provider supervision to monitor for any adverse reactions.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse understands the differences between drug excretion in children and that in adults. With this knowledge, what does the nurse consider when administering drugs to children?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because children have slower drug excretion compared to adults due to immature renal and hepatic functions. This makes them more vulnerable to drug accumulation and potential toxicity. Therefore, the nurse must prioritize assessing for drug accumulation when administering drugs to children. Choice A is incorrect because not all children need a higher dose of a drug, as dosages are based on weight and age-specific factors. Choice B is incorrect because children may not always excrete drugs rapidly, and the focus should be on potential drug accumulation. Choice D is incorrect because children do not always excrete drugs at the same rate as adults, and assessments are crucial not just to avoid side effects, but also to prevent drug accumulation.